Lignocellulosic Fibers and Wood Handbook

Name: Lignocellulosic Fibers and Wood Handbook | Renewable Materials for Today's Environment
Brand: Wiley-Scrivener
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Renewable Materials for Today's Environment

Mohamed Naceur Belgacem Antonio Pizzi(Herausgeber*in)

Wiley-Scrivener (Verlag)

Erschienen am 5. April 2016

704 Seiten

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Beschreibung

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Personen

Antonio Pizzi the director of the Physical Chemistry and Polymer team and the University of Lorraine in France. He is a recognized specialist of wood adhesives, wood preservation, polymer chemistry and formulation of polycondensation resins, composites, panel products and timber chemistry. He has more than 500 publications in international refereed journal of good standing, 25 international patents and authored and edited 7 books on different aspects of wood adhesives. He is the holder of more than 20 international science prizes, among others the Rene Descartes finalist prize the highest science prize of the European Commission, both in 2000 and in 2005, still the only person to gain it twice, and more recently the prize of the Fraunhofer Geselleschaft "2012 German High Tech Champion-Green Building", and the Schweighofer Wood Innovation Prize under the patronage of the President of the Austrian Federal Republic.

Professor Belgacem currently directs a research laboratory at the Polytechnic Institute of Grenoble to develop ecological materials and processes in the field of papermaking, converting and printing sciences. He has published widely in several areas, namely: polymerisation of second-generation "green" monomers arising from vegetal biomass (furfural and hydroxymethyl furfural), valorisation of lignins and other residues (cork), vegetable oils-based UV-curing coatings, and surface treatment of cellulose fibres.
Professor Belgacem has supervised about 25 PhD Theses, published about 200 works, including 1 book and ~20 book chapters. His publications were cited more than 3000 times. He gave about 200 communications at scientific symposia, including, ca. 25 invited lectures. He was invited in Universities and Research Centres in about 10 countries. Professor Belgacem is a fellow of the International Academy of Wood Science (elected in 2007).

Herausgeber*in

Mohamed Naceur Belgacem

Grenoble INP - Pagora

Antonio Pizzi

National Timber Research Institute, Pretoria, South Africa

Inhalt

Intro
Half Title page
Title page
Copyright page
Dedication
Preface
Part 1: Wood and Fibres: Raw Materials
Chapter 1: Introduction and State-of-the-Art
Chapter 2: Wood and Wood Fiber Characteristics: Moisture, Biological, Thermal and Weathering
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Moisture
2.3 Biological
2.4 Thermal
2.5 Fire Retardants
2.6 Weathering
References
Chapter 3: Chemical Composition and Properties of Wood
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Cellulose
3.3 Hemicelluloses of Wood
3.4 Lignin(s)
3.5 Wood Extractives
References
Chapter 4: Recycled Fibers
4.1 The Context and the Key Data
4.2 Recovered Paper and Board Grades
4.3 Unit Operations for Paper Recycling Processes
4.4 Recycling and Deinking Lines
4.5 Deinked Pulp Quality and Controls
4.6 The Limits of Paper Recycling
Acknowledgement
References
Chapter 5: Recovered Papers Deinking by Froth Flotation
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Mass Transfer Mechanisms
5.3 Control of Process Performance by Chemical Additives
5.4 Flotation Deinking Process Modeling
References
Chapter 6: High-Yield Pulps: An Interesting Concept for Producing Lignocellulosic Fibers
6.1 Introduction
6.2 History of Mechanical Pulping
6.3 Principles of Mechanical Pulping Processes and Quality of Pulps
6.4 Quality of Mechanical Pulping Processes
6.5 Industrial Production of Mechanical Pulps
6.6 Bleaching of Mechanical Pulps
6.7 New Technologies under Development
6.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 7: Kraft Pulping
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Chemical Reagents
7.3 Mechanism of Delignification
7.4 Degradation of Carbohydrates during Kraft Pulping
7.5 Composition of Kraft Pulps
7.6 Improvement of the Kraft Process
7.7 Recovery of Cooking Reagents
7.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 8: Sulphite Pulping
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Brief History of Pulping Processes
8.3 Sulphite Pulping Chemicals
8.4 General Aspects of Sulphite Pulping
8.5 Reactions of Sulphite Pulping
References
Part 2: Wood and Fibres: Composites and Panels
Chapter 9: Synthetic Adhesives for Wood Fibers and Composites: Chemistry and Technology
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Urea-Formaldehyde (UF) Adhesives
9.3 Melamine-Formaldehyde (MF) and Melamine-Urea-Formaldehyde (MUF) Adhesives
9.4 Phenolic Resins
9.5 Resorcinol Adhesives
9.6 Thermosetting Adhesives Based on Natural Resources
9.7 Isocyanate and Polyurethane Wood Adhesives
9.8 Chemistry of Isocyanate Wood Adhesives
9.9 Technology of Isocyanate Adhesives
9.10 Conditions of Application of Isocyanate Adhesives for Wood
9.11 Emulsion Polymer Isocyanates (EPI)
9.12 Polyvinyl Acetate (PVAc), EVAs and Acrylics
9.13 Hot Melts
References
Chapter 10: Natural Adhesives, Binders and Matrices for Wood and Fiber Composites: Chemistry and Technology
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Tannin Adhesives
10.3 Lignin Adhesives
10.4 Mixed Tannin-Lignin Adhesives and Resins
10.5 Protein Adhesives
10.6 Carbohydrate Adhesives
10.7 Unsaturated Oil Adhesives
10.8 Wood Welding without Adhesives
10.9 Alternative Systems to Weld Wood
References
Chapter 11: Chemically-Based Modern Wood Composites
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Conventional Concepts and Products
11.3 New Concepts and Products
11.4 Outlook
References
Chapter 12: Chemical Modification of Solid Wood
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Chemical Modifications Involving the Use of Chemicals
12.3 Chemical Modifications Using Heat Treatments
12.4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 13: Modification of Natural Fibers Using Physical Technologies and Their Applications for Composites
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Wave and Radiation Technologies for Cellulosic Fiber Surface Modification
13.3 Physicochemical Technologies for Surface Modification of Cellulosic Fibers
13.4 Mechanical and Thermomechanical Technologies for Surface Modification of Cellulosic Fibers
13.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 14: Wood and Fiber-Based Composites: Surface Properties and Adhesion
14.1 Introduction: Practical Significance of Surface Properties and Adhesion
14.2 Adhesion Theories and Mechanisms
14.3 Interfacial Phenomena in Wood and Fiber Adhesion
14.4 Adhesion Interactions as a Function of Length Scale
14.5 Wood Bonding Considerations
14.6 Wood and Fiber Surface Properties
14.7 Wood Surface Modification
14.8 Analytical Techniques to Measure Wood and Fiber Surface Properties
References
Chapter 15: Wood and Fiber Panels Technology
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Wood as a Substrate
15.3 Wood Plasticization
15.4 Types of Wood Panels
15.5 Influence of the Adhesive in Wood Panel Bonding
15.6 Influence of Wood in Wood Panel Production
15.7 Production Condition Parameters in Wood Panel Gluing
15.8 Correlation between Pressing Parameters and Physical Properties
References
Part 3: Wood and Fibres: Paper
Chapter 16: Rheology: From Simple Fluids to Complex Suspensions
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Classification of Fluid Behavior
16.3 Time-independent Fluid Behavior
16.4 Time-dependent Behavior
16.5 Viscoelastic Behavior
16.6 Small Amplitude Oscillatory Shear Motion
16.7 Elongational Flow
16.8 Rheology of Suspensions
16.9 Origins of Non-Newtonian Behavior
16.10 Implications in Engineering Applications
16.11 Concluding Summary
Acknowledgement
Nomenclature
References
Chapter 17: Papermaking and Wet-End Chemistry
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Wet-end Chemicals, Fillers and Pigments: General Considerations
17.3 Functional Additives
17.4 Processing Aids
References
Chapter 18: Paper Winding
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Winder Types Found in a Paper Mill
18.3 Winder Classes and Types
18.4 Effect of Winder Classes and Types on Wound Roll Tightness
18.5 Roll Structure Theory and Control Curves
18.6 Tightness and Roll Quality Measurement
18.7 Winding Theory Stresses inside the Roll
18.8 Winding Defects
18.9 The Reel
18.10 Two-Drum Winders
18.11 Duplex Winders
18.12 Other Operations near the Rewinder
18.13 Automation and Productivity
18.14 Profile and Moisture
18.15 Paper Mills' Customers
18.16 Learning More about Winding
Abbreviations used in this section
References
Chapter 19: Surface Treatments of Paper
19.1 Surface Sizing of Paper
19.2 Paper Coating
19.3 Specialty Papers by Coating
19.4 Coating Machines
References
Chapter 20: Calendering of Papers and Boards: Processes and Basic Mechanisms
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Calendering Processes
20.3 Applying Pressure in a Nip
20.4 Heat Transfer in the Nip
20.5 Effect of Calendering on Paper Structure and Surface Properties
20.6 Conclusions and Trends in Calendering
References
Chapter 21: Color and Color Reversion of Cellulosic and Lignocellulosic Fibers
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Lignin-Free Cellulosic Fibers (Chemical Pulps)
21.3 Lignin-rich Cellulosic Fibers (High-Yield Pulps)
21.4 Conclusion
References
Part 4: Wood and Fibres: Properties
Chapter 22: Fire Behavior of Timber and Lignocellulose
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Wood in Structures
22.3 Basic Definition of Fire Growth
22.4 Degradation
22.5 Experimental Studies on Wood Behavior in Fire
22.6 Modeling Wood Behavior in Fire
22.7 Flammability Assessment Methods
22.8 The Role of Fire Retardants
22.9 Summary
References
Chapter 23: Testing and Evaluation of Fire-retardant-treated Wood Products
23.1 Introduction
23.2 Conditioning of Specimens
23.3 Research & Development Test Methods
23.4 Regulatory Test Methods
23.5 Product Specific Regulatory Test Methods
23.6 Other Fire Test Methods
23.7 Tests for Smoke Obscuration
23.8 Other Properties of Fire-retardant-treated Wood
23.9 Specifications for Fire-retardant-treated Wood Products
23.10 Tests for Commonly Used Fire-retardant Chemicals
23.11 Concluding Remarks
References
Chapter 24: Modern Timber Houses
24.1 Introduction
24.2 Tradition and Development of the Swiss Timber House
24.3 Timber House Systems
24.4 Heat Insulation and Protection against Moisture
24.5 Sound Protection
24.6 Fire Protection
24.7 Multistory Timber Buildings
24.8 Conclusions
References
Chapter 25: Paper Characterization and Testing
25.1 Introduction and General Considerations
25.2 Composition and Structure
25.3 Mechanical Properties
25.4 Optical Properties
Suggested Literature:
References
Chapter 26: Dimensional Stabilization of Wood and Wood Composites
26.1 Introduction
26.2 Thermal Modification
26.3 Chemical Modification
26.4 Wood Polymer Composites (WPC)
26.5 Other Applications
References
Index

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