Clinical Electrocardiography

Preface by Prof. Antoni Bayés de Luna vii

Preface by Drs Miquel Fiol-Sala, Antoni Bayes-Genís, and Adrián Baranchuk viii

Foreword by Dr Marcelo V. Elizari ix

Foreword by Dr Pedro Brugada xi

Recommended Reading xiii

Part 1 Introductory Aspects

1 The Electrical Activity of the Heart 3

2 The History of Electrocardiography 11

3 Utility and Limitations of the Surface ECG: Present and Future 17

Part 2 The Normal ECG

4 The Anatomical Basis of the ECG: From Macroscopic Anatomy to Ultrastructural Characteristics 25

5 The Electrophysiological Basis of the ECG: From Cell Electrophysiology to the Human ECG 35

6 The ECG Recording: Leads, Devices, and Techniques 56

7 Characteristics of the Normal Electrocardiogram: Normal ECG Waves and Intervals 69

8 Diagnostic Criteria: Sensitivity, Specificity, and Predictive Value 100

Part 3 Abnormal ECG Patterns

9 Atrial Abnormalities 107

10 Ventricular Enlargement 133

11 Ventricular Blocks 170

12 Ventricular Pre-excitation 215

13 Ischemia and Necrosis 229 Part 4 Arrhythmias

14 Mechanisms, Classification, and Clinical Aspects of Arrhythmias 299

15 Active Supraventricular Arrhythmias 321

16 Active Ventricular Arrhythmias 350

17 Passive Arrhythmias 376

18 Diagnosis of Arrhythmias in Clinical Practice: A Step-by-Step Approach 396

Part 5 The Clinical Usefulness of Electrocardiography

19 The Diagnostic Value of Electrocardiographic Abnormalities 411

20 The ECG in Different Clinical Set of Ischemic Heart Disease 427

21 Inherited Heart Diseases 478

22 The ECG in Other Heart Diseases 498

23 The ECG in Other Diseases and Different Situations 520

24 Other ECG Patterns of Risk 539

25 Limitations of the Conventional ECG: Utility of Other Techniques 552

26 The Electrocardiology of the Twenty-First Century 571

Index 574