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Introduction xvii
Assessment Test xl
Chapter 1 Computer Networking Fundamentals 1
Network Types 2
Network Topologies 7
The OSI Model 14
Device Addressing 21
Summary 27
Exam Essentials 28
Review Questions 30
Chapter 2 Wireless Local Area Networking, Standards, and Certifications 35
The Wireless Computer Network 36
Building-to-Building Connectivity Using Wireless LAN Technology 38
Radio Frequency Regulatory Domain Governing Bodies and Local Regulatory Authorities 40
The IEEE 42
Interoperability Certifications 55
Common Wireless Local Area Network Deployment Scenarios 59
Summary 71
Exam Essentials 72
Review Questions 73
Chapter 3 Infrastructure and Client Devices Used with Wireless Networking 77
The Wireless Access Point 80
Wireless Mesh 95
Wireless Bridges 96
Wireless Repeaters/Range Extenders 97
Wireless LAN Controllers and Cloud-Managed Architectures 98
Power over Ethernet 104
Radio Hardware Used with Wireless LAN Technology 108
USB 1.0, USB 1.1, USB 2.0, and USB 3.0 108
Peripheral Component Interconnect 112
Mini-PCI, Mini-PCIe, and Half Mini-PCIe 115
Wireless Workgroup Bridges 118
Client Device Drivers 121
Client Utility Software 121
Summary 124
Exam Essentials 125
Review Questions 126
Chapter 4 Radio Frequency Fundamentals for Wireless Networking 131
Understanding Radio Frequency 133
Wireless LAN Coverage and Capacity 143
Radio Frequency Range and Speed 150
Wi-Fi and Non-Wi-Fi Interference 152
Basic Units of Radio Frequency Measurement 158
Summary 166
Exam Essentials 167
Review Questions 168
Chapter 5 Antenna Technology for Wireless Networking 171
Basic Radio Frequency Antenna Concepts 172
Wireless LAN Antenna Types 180
Radio Frequency Cables and Connectors 195
Factors in Antenna Installation 199
Minimizing the Effects of Multipath Using Antenna Diversity 200
Combating Effects of Wind and Lightning in Wireless LAN Installations 201
Installation Safety 203
Antenna Mounting 203
Maintaining Clear Communications 206
Summary 208
Exam Essentials 209
Review Questions 211
Chapter 6 Communication for Wireless Networking 215
Wireless LAN Operation Methods 216
Connecting to an IEEE 802.11 Wireless Network 227
The Distribution System 237
Data Rates 238
Throughput 240
Dynamic Rate Switching 246
Wireless LAN Transitioning/Roaming 247
IEEE 802.11 Power Save Operations 249
IEEE 802.11 Protection Mechanisms 251
Summary 254
Exam Essentials 256
Review Questions 257
Chapter 7 Modulation Technology for Wireless Networking 261
Network Access Methods 262
Spread-Spectrum Technology 269
IEEE 802.11 DSSS and HR/DSSS Channels 271
IEEE 802.11g Extended Rate Physical 273
IEEE 802.11n High Throughput 275
IEEE 802.11a, 802.11g, 802.11n, and 802.11ac OFDM 275
Summary 287
Exam Essentials 287
Review Questions 289
Chapter 8 Security Fundamentals for Wireless Networking 293
Introducing IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN Security 295
Wireless LAN Threats and Intrusion 295
IEEE 802.11 Standard Security 297
Early Wireless LAN Security Methods 298
MAC Address Filtering 301
IEEE 802.11 Authentication and Data Encryption 302
IEEE 802.11 SOHO and Enterprise Security Technologies 304
Wi-Fi Protected Access and WPA2 Personal Security 307
WPA and WPA2 Enterprise Security 308
IEEE 802.1X/EAP 308
IEEE 802.11 Encryption Methods 313
Role-Based Access Control 317
Virtual Private Networking 318
The Wireless Intrusion Prevention System 328
The Captive Portal 334
Wireless Network Management and Monitoring Systems 334
Industry Regulatory Compliance 339
Summary 340
Exam Essentials 341
Review Questions 343
Chapter 9 Design for Wireless Networking 347
Wireless Site Surveys 349
Gathering Business Requirements 356
Interviewing Stakeholders 358
Gathering Site-Specific Documentation 362
Identifying Infrastructure Connectivity and Power Requirements 366
Understanding Application Requirements 368
Understanding Radio Frequency Coverage and Capacity Requirements 369
Client Connectivity Requirements 369
Antenna Use Considerations 370
The Physical Radio Frequency Site Survey Process 374
Radio Frequency Spectrum Analysis 375
Received Signal Strength 385
Performing a Manual Radio Frequency Wireless Site Survey 387
Performing a Predictive Modeling Site Survey 400
Performing a Post-Deployment Site Survey 403
Protocol Analysis 403
RF Coverage Planning 410
Infrastructure Hardware Selection and Placement 410
Testing Different Antennas 411
Wireless Channel Architectures 413
Wireless Device Installation Limitations 414
Site Survey Report 415
Summary 417
Exam Essentials 418
Review Questions 420
Chapter 10 Mobile Device Management and BYOD Fundamentals 425
Mobile Device Management Solutions 427
Common Mobile Device Operating System Platforms 430
The Mobile Application Store 431
Pushing Content to Mobile Devices 435
Mobile Device Management Administrative Permissions 436
Understanding Mobile Device Management High Availability and Redundancy 436
Mobile Device Management Device Groups 437
Location-Based Services 438
Mobile Device Telecommunications Expense Management 440
Captive and Self-Service Portals 440
General Technology Network and Security Policy 442
Information Technology and Security Policy Implementation and Adherence 443
Backup, Restore, and Recovery Policies 445
Operating System Modifications and Customization 446
Technology Profiles 448
Understanding Group Profiles 451
Policy and Profile Pilot Testing 453
Summary 454
Exam Essentials 455
Review Questions 456
Chapter 11 Troubleshooting for Wireless Networking 461
Identifying Wireless LAN Problems 462
Wireless LAN Connectivity-Coverage and Capacity Problems 465
Application Performance Problems 480
Optimizing Wireless Networks 488
Summary 498
Exam Essentials 499
Review Questions 500
Appendix Answers to Review Questions 505
Chapter 1: Computer Networking Fundamentals 506
Chapter 2: Wireless Local Area Networking, Standards, and Certifications 508
Chapter 3: Infrastructure and Client Devices Used with Wireless Networking 509
Chapter 4: Radio Frequency Fundamentals for Wireless Networking 511
Chapter 5: Antenna Technology for Wireless Networking 512
Chapter 6: Communication for Wireless Networking 514
Chapter 7: Modulation Technology for Wireless Networking 516
Chapter 8: Security Faundamentals for Wireless Networking 517
Chapter 9: Design for Wireless Networking 519
Chapter 10: Mobile Device Management and BYOD Fundamentals 521
Chapter 11: Troubleshooting for Wireless Networking 525
Index 529
This book is intended to provide an introduction to the exciting and emerging world of IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN (WLAN) technology. This technology continues to expand at a phenomenal pace, with constant improvements in speed, performance, reliability, and security. This book will teach you the fundamentals of IEEE 802.11 standards-based wireless technology, giving you an overview of the terminology, hardware and software components, radio frequency (RF) communication principles, and support and maintenance associated with WLAN technology, commonly referred to as Wi-FiT.
In addition to providing an overview of the technology, this book will help you prepare for the Certified Wireless Technology Specialist (CWTS) certification exam, the Certified Wireless Specialist (CWS) certification exam, and the Certified Wireless Technician (CWT) certification exam, which are all available from the Certified Wireless Network Professional (CWNP) program.
CWTS is an entry-level enterprise WLAN certification and is recommended as preparation for the Certified Wireless Network Administrator (CWNA) certification. This certification is geared specifically toward WLAN support staff, sales and marketing personnel, or anyone who wants to become more familiar with the enterprise WLAN industry.
CWS is targeted for those who need to be able to explain basic features and capabilities of WLAN solutions, including access points, controllers, WLAN management solutions, and 802.11 networks. It also helps you assist in selecting the best equipment for a deployment or communicate well with those who are responsible for such decisions. The CWS is not responsible for the configuration and management of the WLAN but must have the ability to gather information to determine requirements and match technologies to those requirements for a deployment.
CWT is geared toward the individual who can install access points based on a design document, configure access points for initial operations, and ensure connectivity. The CWT can troubleshoot basic problems and assist users in-person or through remote communications in problem resolution. The ability to configure a WLAN client for connectivity is paramount and includes an understanding of the configuration process for service set identifiers (SSIDs), security settings, and other client adapter settings. The CWT is not responsible for WLAN design, analysis, or security design; however, the CWT should be able to gather information from a design specification document to properly configure an access point and troubleshoot individual connection issues. The CWT may not be aware of the actual WLAN architectural design, the RF design, or the full feature set in use to implement the WLAN.
In addition to helping you prepare for all three certification exams, this book will give you the fundamental knowledge, tools, and terminology to more effectively sell and support enterprise IEEE 802.11 WLAN technologies. The main goal of this book is for you to learn "what it is," not "how it works." The "how" part comes later, in other Study Guides and instructor-led courses. After reading this book and completing all the available practice exam tools included, you will have the knowledge needed to take the CWTS, CWS, or CWT certification exams.
For more information about these and other vendor-neutral WLAN certifications from the CWNP program, visit www.cwnp.com.
CWNP, the abbreviation for Certified Wireless Network Professional, is the industry standard for vendor-neutral, enterprise WLAN certifications. The CWNP program develops courseware and certification exams for IEEE 802.11 WLAN technologies in the computer networking industry.
CWNP offers several levels of enterprise WLAN certifications, from novice to expert. The goal of CWNP is to provide educational resources and certifications that are recognized worldwide to information technology (IT) and sales professionals in the field of IEEE 802.11 wireless networking technology. By acquiring this knowledge, these professionals will be able to enter any business and sell, design, install, manage, and support a WLAN infrastructure, regardless of which manufacturer's solution is used.
In addition to CWTS, CWT, and CWS, five other wireless certifications are currently offered from CWNP:
CWNA: Certified Wireless Network Administrator The CWNA (Certified Wireless Network Administrator) certification is the foundation-level enterprise WLAN certification for the CWNP program. The CWNA certification will validate one's skills to successfully administer enterprise-class WLANs. Passing the CWNA exam will also earn the base certification toward the more advanced CWNP certifications. The CWNA exam measures one's ability to understand all of the features and functions of IEEE 802.11 WLAN technology. Passing the CWNA-107 certification exam will satisfy the requirement to become CWNA certified.
CWSP: Certified Wireless Security Professional The CWSP (Certified Wireless Security Professional) certification is one of the advanced-level WLAN certifications offered by the CWNP program. Acquiring this certification will prove one's ability to successfully apply the most up-to-date IEEE 802.11 WLAN security solutions to an organization's IEEE 802.11 wireless network. This certification will ensure that the successful candidate understands the security weaknesses inherent in IEEE 802.11 WLANs, the solutions available to address those weaknesses, and the steps necessary to implement a secure and manageable WLAN in an enterprise environment. Successfully passing two exams is required to become CWSP certified:
CWDP: Certified Wireless Design Professional The CWDP (Certified Wireless Design Professional) certification is a professional-level career certification for those in wireless computer networking who have already obtained the CWNA certification and have a thorough understanding of RF technologies and applications of 802.11 networks. This certification prepares WLAN professionals to properly design an IEEE 802.11 WLAN for various environments and for optimal performance. Successfully passing two exams is required to become CWDP certified:
CWAP: Certified Wireless Analysis Professional The CWAP (Certified Wireless Analysis Professional) certification is a professional-level career certification for those in wireless computer networking who have already obtained the CWNA certification and have a thorough understanding of RF technologies and applications of 802.11 wireless networks. This certification provides an in-depth look at 802.11 operations and prepares WLAN professionals to be able to perform, interpret, and understand wireless packet and spectrum analysis. You must successfully pass two exams to become CWAP certified:
CWNE: Certified Wireless Network Expert The CWNE (Certified Wireless Network Expert) credential is the highest certification offered by the CWNP program. By successfully completing the CWNE requirements, you will have demonstrated that you have the most advanced skills available in today's IEEE 802.11 WLAN market. The CWNE certification ensures that you have mastered all relevant skills to administer, install, configure, troubleshoot, and design wireless network systems. Protocol analysis, intrusion detection and prevention, performance and QoS analysis, spectrum analysis and management, and advanced design are some of the areas of expertise you will need to know. Successfully passing four exams is required to become CWNE certified:
The following criteria must also be met:
For additional information on the details required for CWNE certification, including information regarding what is valid for continuing education credit hours, visit www.cwnp.com.
CWNT: Certified Wireless Network Trainer Certified Wireless Network Trainers (CWNT) are qualified instructors certified by the CWNP program to deliver CWNP training courses to IT professionals. CWNTs are technical and instructional experts in wireless technologies, products, and solutions. CWNP Authorized Learning Centers (ALC) are required to use CWNTs when delivering training using official CWNP courseware.
Keep in mind that the certification exam numbers listed in this book...
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