Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018)

Name: Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018) | Volume VI: Transport Ergonomics and Human Factors (TEHF), Aerospace Human Factors and Ergonomics
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Volume VI: Transport Ergonomics and Human Factors (TEHF), Aerospace Human Factors and Ergonomics

Sebastiano Bagnara Riccardo Tartaglia Sara Albolino Thomas Alexander Yushi Fujita(Herausgeber*in)

Springer (Verlag)

1. Auflage

Erschienen am 4. August 2018

XVIII, 603 Seiten

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978-3-319-96074-6 (ISBN)

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Inhalt

Intro
Preface
Acknowledgment
References
Organization
Organizing Committee
Scientific Committee
Contents
Transport Ergonomics and Human Factors (TEHF)
Life on the Road: Exposing Drivers' Tendency to Anthropomorphise In-Vehicle Technology
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Speech
1.2 Overview of Study
2 Questionnaire Survey
2.1 Method
2.2 Results
3 Ethnographic Observations
3.1 Method
3.2 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Theoretical Considerations and Development of a Questionnaire to Measure Trust in Automation
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Theoretical Model
3 Item Generation and Analysis
4 Predictive Validity
5 Is a Single Item Enough to Measure Trust in Automation?
6 Objectives for Revision and Further Development
Analysis of the Possible Savings of Cycle Time on Tram Line No. 17 in Zagreb
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Research
3 Conclusion
References
Intelligent In-Car Health Monitoring System for Elderly Drivers in Connected Car
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Model and Methodology
3 Architecture and Framework of In-Car Health Monitoring System
4 Result and Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Air Travel Accessibility: Interaction Between Different Social Actors
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Theoretical Framework
3 Materials and Methods
4 Results
4.1 Interviews with Regulatory Agencies
4.2 Exploratory Research Involving Passengers Requiring Special Assistance
4.3 Air Transport Conditions
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Suppressed Articulatory Rehearsal Mechanism and Driving Errors
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Driving Error
3 Methodology
3.1 Design
3.2 Participants
3.3 Procedure
4 Results
5 Discussion
References
Impact of Waiting Times on Risky Driver Behaviour at Railway Level Crossings
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Design and Measures
2.2 Analysis
2.3 Participants
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Keeping the Driver in the Loop: The 'Other' Ethics of Automation
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 The Role of Terminology
1.2 The Role of the Driver
1.3 The Role of Marketing
1.4 The Role of Technology
2 Conclusions
References
Revealing the Complexity of Road Transport with Accimaps
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 The Seven 'E's of Road Safety
2.1 The Traditional 'E's: Engineering, Enforcement, Education
2.2 Economics
2.3 Emergency Response
2.4 Enablement
2.5 The Seventh 'E': Ergonomics
2.6 Accimaps
3 Conclusions and Future Work
Funding Statement and Disclaimer
References
Analysis of Discomfort During a 4-Hour Shift in Quay Crane Operators Objectively Assessed Through In-Chair Movements
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 The Quay Crane Simulator
2.2 Participants
2.3 Interface Pressure Data Acquisition and Post-processing
2.4 Statistical Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
Conflicts of Interest
References
Classifying Normal and Suspicious Behaviours When Accessing Public Locations
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Method
3 Results
4 Discussion
References
Data Mining Based Analysis of Hit-and-Run Crashes in Metropolitan City
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods and Materials
2.1 Data
2.2 CART
3 Results
4 Discussions
5 Conclusions
References
Analysis of Driver Injury Severity in Metropolitan Roads of India Through Classification Tree
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods and Materials
2.1 Data
2.2 CART
3 Results
4 Discussions
5 Conclusions
References
A Psycho-Ergonomic Approach of the Street-Crossing Decision-Making: Toward Pedestrians' Interactions with Automated Vehicles
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 The Future Interactions Between Pedestrians and Automated Vehicles
1.2 Literature Review About Street-Crossing Decision-Making and Limitations for the Automated Vehicles
1.3 Aim of the Study
2 Method
2.1 Participants
2.2 Experimental Setting
2.3 Procedure
3 Results
3.1 Decisional Factors
3.2 Information Seeking
3.3 Reported Feelings
4 Discussion
References
How Do People Move to Get into and Out of a European Cabin-Over-Engine Truck?
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Study Design
2.2 Data Analysis
3 Results
3.1 Dendrogram of Truck Ingress and Egress Motion Strategies
3.2 Unstable Phases During Truck Ingress and Egress Motion
3.3 Impact Factors on Motion Strategies for Truck Ingress and Egress
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Corporate Robot Motion Identity
Abstract
1 Mobile Robots Are a New Type of Front Line Personnel
1.1 What Front Line Personnel Does, Influences a Company's Image
1.2 Mobile Service Robots Are on the Rise
1.3 Human-Robot Spatial Interaction
1.4 What Can Go Wrong?
2 How to Do It Right
2.1 Movement Cues Are Social Cues of Mobile Robots
2.2 Legible Movement Cues Can Represent the Language for Robots
3 Using Movement Cues to Express Corporate Identity
3.1 Affected Service Quality Domains
3.2 Affected Human Roles
3.3 Who Defines Requirements, Limits, and Best Practices?
4 Conclusion
References
Identifying the Effects of Visual Searching by Railway Drivers upon the Recognition of Extraordinary Events
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Apparatus
2.2 Participants
2.3 Driving Scenario
2.4 Analysis Item
3 Results
3.1 Participant Groups
3.2 Logistic-Regression Analysis
3.3 Relationship Between Horizontal Visual Angle and Gaze Duration
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Rally Driver's Eye Movements When Driving the Corner on Gravel Road - Differences Between World Rally Championship and National Championship Drivers
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Participants and Experimental-Method
2.2 Data Analyses
3 Result
3.1 Frame-by-Frame Analysis
3.2 Gaze Proportion of 7 Areas
3.3 Mean and Standard Deviation of the Horizontal Viewing Angle Velocity
4 Conclusion
References
Automated Driving: The Potential of Non-driving-Related Tasks to Manage Driver Drowsiness
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Driver Drowsiness and Automated Driving
1.2 Automated Driving and Non-driving-Related Tasks
2 Method
2.1 Participants
2.2 Test Vehicle and Test Track
2.3 Experimental Design and Measures
2.4 Procedure and Non-driving-Related Tasks
3 Results
3.1 Part A: Drowsiness Generation
3.2 Part B: Distribution Functions of the KSS Ratings After the Reactivation and Effectiveness Phase
3.3 Part C: Assessment of the Different Non-driving-Related Tasks
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Effects of Verbal Communication with a Driving Automation System on Driver Situation Awareness
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Purpose of the Study
2 Experiment
2.1 Apparatus
2.2 Participants
2.3 Driving Automation System
2.4 Verbal Communication
2.5 Scenarios
2.6 Instruction and Subtask
2.7 Procedure
2.8 Measurements
3 Results
3.1 The Number of Collisions
3.2 Response Time
3.3 Questionnaire
4 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
The Root Causes of a Train Accident: Lac-Mégantic Rail Disaster
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Information Regarding the Accident
2 Method
2.1 Design and Procedure of the Present Study
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Timeline
3.2 Barrier Analysis
3.3 Five Whys
3.4 Fishbone Diagram
3.5 Organizational Safety Culture
4 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Study on the Analysis of Traffic Accidents Using Driving Simulation Scenario
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Research Method
2.1 Experience Subjects
2.2 Experience Equipment
2.3 Experience Design
3 Results
3.1 Eye Movement Behavior
3.2 Numbers of Collision
4 Discussion
References
Studying a New Embarking and Disembarking Process for Future Hyperloop Passengers
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Proposed Design Solution
1.3 Objectives
2 Experiment 1: A Comparison Between the New Design and Traditional Embarking and Disembarking Model
2.1 Method of Experiment 1
2.2 Results of Experiment 1
3 Experiment 2: Influence of Door Width on Passenger Embarking and Disembarking
3.1 Method of Experiment 2
3.2 Results Experiment 2
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
Appendix: Questionnaire for Experiment 2
References
Field Observations of Interactions Among Drivers at Unsignalized Urban Intersections
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Method
3 Results
4 Discussion
Acknowledgement
References
Can Simple Anthropomorphism Change People's Perception of Self-driving Vehicle Accidents?
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Anthropomorphism
1.2 Research Aim and Hypotheses
2 Methodology
2.1 Participants
2.2 Material and Procedure
3 Results
4 Discussion and Conclusions
References
Visual Behaviors and Expertise in Race Driving Situation
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Subjects
2.2 Driving Environment
2.3 Apparatus
2.4 Data Analysis
3 Results
3.1 Best Lap and Vehicle Speed
3.2 Vehicle Control
3.3 Eye Movements
4 Conclusions
References
The Efficacy of Eye Blink Rate as an Indicator of Sleepiness: A Study of Simulated Train Driving
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Experimental Procedures
2.2 Data Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
References
Information Content of a Route Guidance System Based on the Characteristics of Elderly Drivers
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Laboratory Survey
2.1 Survey Method
2.2 Participants
2.3 Measured Items
2.4 Results
2.5 Discussion
3 Driving Simulator Experiment
3.1 Experimental Equipment
3.2 Participants
3.3 Experimental Method
3.4 Measured Items
3.5 Experimental Procedure
3.6 Results
3.7 Discussion
4 Conclusion
Reference
A Team Drives the Train: Human Factors in Train Controller Perspectives of the Controller-Driver Dynamic
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Towards Understanding the Train Controller-Driver Dynamic
1.2 Aims and Objectives
2 Methods
2.1 Research Design
2.2 Participants and Recruitment
2.3 Procedure
2.4 Ethical Considerations
2.5 Data Analysis
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Controller Perspectives of the Controller-Driver Dynamic
3.2 Controller-Driver Dynamic Factors Influencing SPAD-Risk
4 Conclusions
References
Driver's Cardiac Activity Performance Evaluation Based on Non-contact ECG System Placed at Different Seat Locations
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Subject Details
2.2 cECG System Design
2.3 Magnitude Squared Coherence and Signal to Error Ratio
2.4 Statistical Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Mental Workload and Performance Measurements in Driving Task: A Review Literature
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Definitions
3 Literature Search Methods
4 Mental Workload and Performance Measurements
4.1 Measurement Criteria
4.2 Mental Workload Measurement Techniques
5 Discussion
References
The Influence of Non-driving Related Tasks on Driver Availability in the Context of Conditionally Automated Driving
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Sample
2.2 Experimental Setup
2.3 Measures
2.4 Procedure
3 Results
3.1 Changes Concerning Driver Availability
3.2 Take-Over Performance
4 Discussion
5 Summary
Acknowledgment
References
A Systems Analysis of the South African Railway Industry
Abstract
1 Railway Safety in South Africa
2 Rasmussen's (1997) Risk Management Framework
3 Methods
4 A Systems Analysis of the Investigation Process of Accidents
5 The South African Rail Investigation System Is a Broken 'System of Systems'
References
Effect on Mode Awareness When Changing from Conditionally to Partially Automated Driving
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Participants
2.2 Experimental Design
2.3 Apparatus
3 Results
4 Discussion and Conclusion
5 Conclusion
References
Ergonomic Approach of the Influence of Materials and the User Experience in the Interior of Automobiles
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Development
2.1 Vehicle Ergonomics
2.2 The Current Automotive Context
2.3 The Influences of Materials in the Cockpit
2.4 The New Demands and Possibilities
2.5 The Future Vehicle Experiences
3 Final Considerations
References
The Effects of Food Packaging on Driving Performance When Eating While Driving
Abstract
1 Background
1.1 Effects of Eating and Driving
1.2 Food Packaging and Driving Performance
2 Methods
2.1 Experimental Design
2.2 Dependent Variables
2.3 Experimental Setup
2.4 Procedure
3 Results
3.1 Tracking Deviation
3.2 Perceived Control
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Anthropomorphism: An Investigation of Its Effect on Trust in Human-Machine Interfaces for Highly Automated Vehicles
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Conditions
2.2 Participants
2.3 Design and Procedure
2.4 Analysis
3 Findings
3.1 Effects on Trust of the Anthropomorphic Features
3.2 Other Factors Building Trust in the Vehicle
3.3 The Experience of the Anthropomorphic Features
4 Discussion
4.1 Conclusion and Implications
References
In the Right Place at the Right Time? A View at Latency and Its Implications for Automotive Augmented Reality Head-Up Displays
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Participants
2.2 Driving Simulator
2.3 Procedure
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
HMI of Autonomous Vehicles - More Than Meets the Eye
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Interaction in the Autonomous Vehicle
2.1 Information Content
2.2 Interface Format
2.3 Implications for Interaction Design
3 The Interactive Surfaces of a Vehicle
3.1 Surface 1: Today's Explicitly Designed Driver - Vehicle Interfaces
3.2 Surface 2: The Interior Design of the Vehicle as a Whole
3.3 Surface 3: The Implicit Information in the Vehicle's Movement Pattern
3.4 Surface 4: The Interactive Technology Brought into the Vehicle
4 Discussion
4.1 Combinations and Coherence Across Surfaces
4.2 Further Work with the Framework
4.3 Concluding Remarks
References
Understanding Situation Awareness Development Processes Through Self-confrontation Interviews Based on Eye-Tracking Videos
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 SA Evaluation Methods
2.1 Based on Direct Evaluation of the SA Product
2.2 Based on Indirect Measures of SA Product
2.3 Based on the Analysis of Process Indices
2.4 Synthesis of SA Evaluation Methods
3 Description of the Proposed Method
3.1 Advantages to Confront Operators with Traces of their Own Actions with Eye-Tracking Videos
3.2 Illustration of the Implementation of the Method with Submarine Operators
3.3 Contributions of the Self-confrontation Interview Technique Based on Eye-Tracking Videos
4 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Experimental Study on the Effects of Air Flow from Cross-Flow Fans on Thermal Comfort in Railway Vehicles
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Experimental Period and Subjects
2.2 Outline of the HVAC Installation
2.3 Experimental Conditions
2.4 Measurements and Method
3 Results and Discussions
4 Conclusion
References
Naturalistic Observation of Interactions Between Car Drivers and Pedestrians in High Density Urban Settings
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Method
3 Results
3.1 Drivers' Attentiveness to Pedestrians
3.2 Pedestrians' Behavioural Expressiveness During Crossing
3.3 Observed States of Driver-Pedestrian Interaction
4 Discussion
Acknowledgement
References
A Review of Driver State Monitoring Systems in the Context of Automated Driving
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Driver State Models
3 Driver State Constructs and Assessment Methods
3.1 Fatigue
3.2 Attention and Vigilance
3.3 Workload/Stress
3.4 Advantages and Limitations of Driver State Assessment Systems
4 Conclusion
References
How Will the Driver Sit in an Automated Vehicle? - The Qualitative and Quantitative Descriptions of Non-Driving Postures (NDPs) When Non-Driving-Related-Tasks (NDRTs) Are Conducted
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Hypotheses
3 Methods
3.1 Online Questionnaire
3.2 Experiment
4 Results of Online Questionnaire (n?=?122) and Discussion
4.1 Non-Driving Related Task
4.2 Qualitative Results of Non-Driving Postures
4.3 Mapping of NDRTs and NDPs
4.4 Space Requirements
5 Results of Experiment (n?=?16) and Discussion
6 Requirements of Interior for Automated Vehicles
7 Limitation
8 Summary
References
Use of a H8 Controller on a Half Semi-trailer Truck Model to Reduce Vibrations and Its Implications on Human Factor
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Modelling
2.2 Controller Design
2.3 Technical Specifications
3 Results
4 Conclusion
5 Discussion
References
Take-Overs in Level 3 Automated Driving - Proposal of the Take-Over Performance Score (TOPS)
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review and Reported Metrics
3 The Take-Over Performance Score - TOPS
3.1 Vehicle Guidance Parameter
3.2 Mental Processing Parameter
3.3 Subjective Rating Parameter
4 Discussion
References
Can Computationally Predicted Internal Loads Be Used to Assess Sitting Discomfort? Preliminary Results
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Experimental Data
2.2 Data Reduction
2.3 Computational Models
2.4 Data Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
Acknowledgement
References
Autostereoscopic Displays for In-Vehicle Applications
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 State of the Art
3 Method
4 Sample
5 Results
6 Discussion
7 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Optimization of Occupational Whole Body Vibration Exposure for Rotavation Operation
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 General Details
3 Measurement Devices/Equipments
4 Design of Experiments
5 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
The Mobility in Belo Horizonte Through the Macroergonomics and Service Design
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Objectives and Methodology
3 The Urban Transport as a Service
3.1 Each Case Is Different!
3.1.1 An Always Complex System - The City
4 Final Considerations
References
The Quality of Roads in Brazil: The Interrelation of Its Multiple Stressors and Their Impact on Society
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Objectives and Methodology
2 Literature Review
2.1 Scenario
2.2 Ergonomic Prerogatives
3 Discussion and Conclusion
References
Getting the Right Culture to Make Safety Systems Work in a Complex Rail Industry
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Method of Investigation
2.1 Preliminary Activities
2.2 Interviews with Rail Executives and Senior Managers
2.3 Method of Conducting and Analysing the Interviews
3 Results
3.1 Views on the Change Programme's Timelines
3.2 Views on the Preparedness of the People Affected by Change
3.3 Views on Readiness and Capacity for Change, and Leadership of the Change
3.4 Views on the Organisational Culture and Programme Governance
4 Discussion and Conclusion
References
The Relationship of Space Experience and Human Anthropometric Sizes in Aircraft Seat Pitch
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Participants and Anthropometric Measurements
2.2 Experiment Setup
2.3 Space Experience Evaluation
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Anthropometric Measurements
3.2 Space Experience Evaluation in Different Pitch Sizes
3.3 Relationship of Anthropometric Measurement and Space Experience
4 Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References
Is It the Duration of the Ride or the Non-driving Related Task? What Affects Take-Over Performance in Conditional Automated Driving?
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Theoretical Issues
2.1 Fatigue and the Influence of NDRTs
2.2 The Assessment of Take-Over Performance
2.3 The TOC Rating
3 Methode
3.1 Participants
3.2 Apparatus
3.3 Conditional Automated Driving and HMI Concept
3.4 Non-driving Related Tasks
3.5 Experimental Setup
3.6 Scenario
3.7 TOC Rating
4 Results
4.1 Reactions of the Drivers
4.2 TOC Categories According to the Studies
4.3 Mean TOC Rating Scores
5 Discussion
References
Application of Attribution Theory in Crane Incident Analysis in a South African Port
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Crane Incidents in the Maritime Industry
1.2 Attribution Theory
1.2.1 Differences in Observers and Actors' Attributions
1.2.2 Hierarchical Level: Supervisors and Subordinate Workers
1.2.3 Age
1.2.4 Worker Experience
1.2.5 Cultural Background
1.2.6 Safety Culture and Just Culture
2 Research Question
3 Methods
3.1 Participants
3.2 Research Design
3.3 Data Analysis
4 Preliminary Results and Discussion
4.1 Gender and Hierarchical Position
4.2 Age
4.3 Cultural Background
4.4 Blame Culture
5 Conclusion
References
Observing Traffic - Utilizing a Ground Based LiDAR and Observation Protocols at a T-Junction in Germany
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Observing Urban Traffic
3 Observation of a T-Junction in Germany
3.1 Methodology - Stationary LiDAR
3.2 Methodology - HTML Based Observation App
3.3 Insights into Results
4 Conclusion and Outlook
Acknowledgements
References
Aerospace Human Factors and Ergonomics
Seat Comfort Evaluation Using Face Recognition Technology
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Seat Comfort Evaluation
1.2 Emotions and Face Recognition
2 Methodology
2.1 Experimental Setup
2.2 Procedures
3 Results
3.1 First Phase
3.2 Second Phase
4 Comments and Conclusions
References
Human-Centered Design of a 3D-Augmented Strategic Weather Management System: First Design Loops
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
2.1 Strategic Weather Information Systems
2.2 Tactical Weather Information Systems
3 Progress of the Proposed Weather System Since 2014
3.1 Prototyping and Evaluation of OWSAS-1
3.2 Prototyping and Evaluation of OWSAS-2
3.3 Prototyping of OWSAS-3.1
3.4 Understanding How Pilots Deal with Weather and Ideation of OWSAS-3.2
3.5 Prototyping and Evaluation of OWSAS-3.2
4 Conclusion
References
Generative Games in Aviation
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Airlines Pilot Training
2.1 Ground Training
2.2 Simulator Training
3 Conclusion
References
Ergonomics and Crisis Intervention in Aviation Accident Investigation
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Goals of Our Team
2.1 Ergonomic Approach: Investigator'S Difficulties Need to Find Solutions
2.2 Psychological Approach to Crisis Intervention
3 Methods
3.1 Ergonomics Approach
3.2 Psychological Approach
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Bead-Air and JIAAC Results Related to the Ergonomic Intervention
4.2 Crisis Intervention's Results
5 Perspectives and Conclusion
6 Conclusions
References
The Effects of the Type of Rest Breaks on Return-to-Task Performance in Semi-automated Tasks with Varying Complexities
Abstract
1 Background
2 Methods
2.1 Experimental Design
2.2 Dependent Variables
2.3 Experimental Setup
2.4 Procedure
3 Results
3.1 Tracking Deviation
3.2 Perceived Control
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Author Index

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