Harnessing Public Research for Innovation in the 21st Century

Part I. Setting the Context: 1. The evolving role of public R&D and public research institutions in innovation Suma Athreye, Sacha Wunsch-Vincent; 1.1. Comment Fabio Montobbio; 1.2. Comment Lien Verbauwhede Koglin; 2. Evaluating knowledge transfer policies and practices: conceptual framework and metrics Anthony Arundel and Sacha Wunsch-Vincent; 2.1. Comment Bhaven Sampat; 2.2. Comment Ragan Robertson; 2.3. Comment Rosemary Wolson; 3. Measuring global patenting of universities and public research organizations Juan Yang, Intan Hamdan-Livramento, Bruno Le Feuvre, Sacha Wunsch-Vincent and Hao Zhou; Part II. Selected Comparative Country Studies; 4. United Kingdom Federica Rossi, Suma Athreye; 5. Germany Dirk Czarnitzki, Georg Licht; 6. Republic of Korea Keun Lee, Hochul Shin; 7. Brazil Fernanda De Negri, Cristiane Vianna Rauen; 8. China Baoming Chen, Can Huang, Chunyan Peng, Minglei Ding, Ning Huang, Xia Liu and Juan Yang; 9. South Africa Michael Kahn; Part III. The Way Forward: 10. Policies and practices for supporting successful knowledge transfer from public research to firms Anthony Arundel; 10.1. Comment Henri J. M. Theunissen; 10.2. Comment Kerry Faul; 11. Policy recommendations: aiming for effective knowledge transfer policies in high- and middle-income countries Suma Athreye, Federica Rossi; 11.1. Comment Antenor Cesar Vanderlei Correa, Fernanda Magalhaes; 11.2. Comment Si Kyong Sung; 12. Toward a comprehensive set of metrics for knowledge transfer Anthony Arundel, Nordine Es-Sadki; 12.1. Comment Philippe Kuhutama Mawoko; 12.2. Comment Giancarlo Caratti; 12.3. Comment Amit Shovon Ray.