Japanese Environmental Design and Management for Sustainable Urbanism

List of figures

List of tables

List of photos

List of contributors

Introduction

Takashi Ariga

1 Organization of this book

2 Satoyama as a new urban theory and its perspective on design planning and regional projects

3 Selectable urban image of integrated production and living through an infill network of

Satoyama environment

References

SECTION I Examining Ecology and Morphology Restorations for Sustainable Urban Regions

1 Issues related to reassessing the values of water infrastructures in the context of Satoyama

Yoh Sasaki

1.1 Preface

1.2 Gujo-Hachiman A town that has made traditional water use infrastructure the core of its urban design

1.2.1 Water Use in a Castle Town

1.2.2 Design for the revaluation of traditional water use facilities

1.2.3 A sense of connection to nature fostered by daily interactions with water

1.3 Fukushimagata Wetland: Creating a View of the Nature for the People in Urban Lifestyle through the Satogata

1.3.1 Water control in a flat lowland area

1.3.2 Value of Fukushimagata as a rich natural environment site

1.3.3 The gaps and the limitation among the awareness of the people concerning the wetland

1.3.4 Understanding the connections surrounding the Fukushimagata

1.3.5 Design for understanding the relationship with flood control functions

1.4 Regional Planning and Design from the Perspective of Water Infrastructure

1.4.1 The design methodology for awareness and involvement

1.4.2 An integrated planning perspective for water infrastructure that enjoys diverse Ecosystem Services

References

2 Redefining the use of abandoned urban spaces

Kenjiro Matsuura

2.1 Redefining abandoned land - from a space that belongs to no one to Shared-Satoyama

2.2 Turning public spaces into "Shared-Satoyama," spaces for everyone

2.3 Making common spaces a "satoyama" for everyone

2.4 Turning private spaces into "satoyama," spaces for everyone

2.5 Tactical urbanism as a tactic

References

3 Eco-integrated community restoration and designs -Advanced case studies of rapid declines in populations

Noriko Akita

3.1 Overview of case study area: Manazuru-town

3.2 Purpose of this chapter

3.3 Connection between the natural environment and local residents

3.3.1 Industries related to the natural environment and geology

3.3.2 Culture and religion deeply connected to the sea

3.4 Bubble Economy Struck Small Towns

3.4.1 Decline of Manazuru-town

3.4.2 Resort Development Heating Up

3.4.3 Development Pushed into Manazuru-town

3.4.4 Creation of Manazuru-town's own development rules

3.4.5 How was the "standards of beauty" created

3.4.6 What is the essence of "standards of beauty"?

3.4.7 How to adopt the "standards of beauty"

3.5 Actual operation of the ordinance

3.5.1 Process of applying "standards of beauty"

3.5.2 Gradual changes in the town's landscape through the operation of the standards of beauty

3.6 Crisis of the Ordinance

3.6.1 Fighting with a developer

3.6.2 Landscape Act to be enacted

3.7 Connecting Manazuru-town's "Standards of beauty" to the Future

3.7.1 Balance between development control and decline

3.7.2 Accumulation of small landscape restorations by young people

3.7.3 Inherited standards of beauty

References

4 Regional Planning and Machizukuri Design

4.1 A Case of Lake Biwa as Satoumi

Toshihiko Abe

4.1.1 History of Lake Biwa's Landscape and Environment Issues

4.1.2 Regional Planning Encompassing the Lake Biwa

4.1.2.1 Vision for Environmental Conservation

4.1.2.2 Landscape Collaboration among Several Municipalities

4.1.2.3 Ordinance to Promote Watershed Flood Control for Water Disaster Countermeasures

4.1.3 Machizukuri Design Utilizing the Resources of Satoumi

4.1.3.1 Community Space using Waterways and Vacant Houses

4.1.3.2 Revitalization of the Main Street and Lakeshore Park

4.1.3.3 Collaborative Network Connecting the Lakeshore and Hillside Area

4.1.3.4 Machizukuri Design Proposal of Minami-Kusatsu

4.1.4. Satoumi Urbanism Arising from the Lake Biwa Area

Notes

References

4.2 A Case of Minokamo City Satoyama Millennium Concept and Plan as an Opportunity to Create Sustainable Satoyama

Hajime Okamoto

4.2.1 Introduction

4.2.2 Outline of Minokamo City and Current Situation/Issues of Satoyama

4.2.3 "Satoyama Millennium Concept" and "Satoyama Millennium Basic Plan "

4.2.3.1 Vision and Positioning

4.2.3.2 The impetus for the creation of the "Millennium Concept" and the development process

4.2.4 Project Development Policies of the "Millennium Plan"

4.2.5 Outline and development of main projects

4.2.5.1 Lectures on satoyama maintenance

4.2.5.2 Satoyama maintenance in collaboration with private companies

4.2.5.3 Forest Kindergarten project

4.2.5.4 Abemaki School Desk Project

4.2.5.5 Development of a community-based forest walking paths

4.2.6 Creation of learning opportunities and promotion of satoyama lifestyle through "Satoyama Shure"

4.2.7 Results and challenges of the various activities developed from the satoyama millennium concept and plan

Notes

References

SECTION II Re-defining Urban Settlements and Restructuring City-Country Integrations

5 Holistic approaches for integrated land use, ecosystems, and human settlements

5.1 A Case of Shimotsuma: Holistic approaches of sustainable Satoyama environment in river basin starting from the familiar landscape of local community

Keisuke Sugano

5.1.1 Overview of case study city: Shimotsuma

5.1.2 The spatial characteristics around Sanuma

5.1.2.1 Unity with the lake, the city and surrounding paddy fields

5.1.2.2 Diverse lakeside activity spaces

5.1.3 Sociocultural activities fostered around Sanuma

5.1.3.1 Culture of enjoying the landscape

5.1.3.2 Environmental management by local community

5.1.3.3 Water level control based on consultations among various entities

5.1.3.4 Community events by machizukuri entities

5.1.4 Realizing a regional vision of city government in Sanuma

5.1.4.1 Regional revitalization

5.1.4.2 Environmental management

5.1.5 Broadening to river basin scale

5.1.6 Toward the holistic approach of sustainable Satoyama environment in the river basin

Acknowledgement

Notes

References

5.2 A Case of Kanazawa: Holistic Approaches to a Medium-Sized City and Its Environment as a Place to Live

Naomi Uchida

5.2.1 Overview of case study city: Kanazawa

5.2.1.1 Purpose of this chapter

5.2.2. History of Ordinances to Protect the Environment

5.2.2.1 Traditional Environment Preservation Ordinance (enacted in 1968 expanded the target area in 1982)

5.2.2.2 Water Channel for Irrigation Conservation Ordinance (1996)

5.2.2.3 Slope Green Space Preservation Ordinance (1997)

5.2.2.4 Ordinance on the Preservation of the Scenery of Temples and Shrines (2002)

5.2.2.5 Other ordinances

5.2.3. History of community's movement: Response to Communities Proposals

5.2.3.1 Proposals and movements: Various proposals from the KACE -Movement to Kanazawa City Traditional Environment Preservation Ordinance

5.2.3.2 "City Beautiful" Movement

5.2.3.3 Kanazawa Townscape Trust Movement for Protecting Landscape (1987)

5.2.3.4 Proposals for utilization of irrigation canals

5.2.4. Socio-cultural relations and the local environment

Note

References

6 Can urban ecology of traditional manufactural towns be requalified: Regional management organically linking socio-cultural hubs with surrounding Satoyama

Tomoyuki Mashiko

6.1 Introduction: Urban Ecology in Japanese regional towns

6.2 Growth and decline of the traditional manufacturing industry in Kiryu and the historical development of Machizukuri

6.2.1 Growth and decline of the traditional manufacturing industry and urban development

6.2.2 From Machizukuri movement by reutilizing modern industrial heritages to "Fashion Town Vision"

6.3 Various socio-cultural activities' hubs and their linkages with Satoyama

6.3.1 Social infrastructure for linking various small activities

6.3.2 Reutilization of historical building as inclusive hubs and Mulberry production and sericultural practices

6.3.3 Challenges for new businesses using the remaining space and creating new socio-cultural activities in cooperation with people outside of Kiryu

6.4 Potentials and issues of regional management to requalify urban ecology

References

SECTION III Creating Holistic Heritage and Environmental Management and Urban Design

7 Model Programs for Incorporating Satoyama and Urban Farmland into Community Improvement Practices: Implications from the Cases in Nagoya City and Nishitokyo City

Akito Murayama

7.1 Urban land use planning and "the value of grey"

7.2 Fujimakicho: Creating a Satoyama community in Nagoya City

7.3 Nishitokyo City: Enhancing agri-residential mixed-use neighborhoods

7.4 What are behind the civic movements?

References

8 Recombining innovative sociocultural activities initiated by residents, education, performances, and businesses with various historic and ecological communities

8.1 The Village of the Craftsman Culture and Industrial landscape nurtured by Kilns and: Initiatives in the Hora District of Seto City

Hajime Okamoto

8.1.1 Seto City and Hora District Overview

8.1.2 Discovery of the value of "kiln fences" (late 1950s)

8.1.3 Activities related to the maintenance of the local environment by the "Hora-cho Bunka-kai" (1991-)

8.1.4 Satoyama maintenance activities by the community organization "Kama-ato no Mori-bito" (since 2013)

8.1.5 Establishment of "Seto Mingei-kan" (established in 2022)

8.1.6 Conclusion

Note

References

8.2 SATOYAMA Conservation through the Echigo-Tsumari Art Triennale, the Frontrunner of Touring Art Festivals

Satoshi Nagano

8.2.1 Satoyama Conservation and Civic Innovation through Touring Art Festivals

8.2.1.1 Satoyama conservation through tour-type art festivals

8.2.1.2 Cooperation between external personnel and local residents

8.2.1.3. Civic Innovation?Collaboration between Artists and Citizens?

8.2.1.4 The Need to Promote Intergenerational Exchange

8.2.1.5 Typology of Collaboration between Artists and Local Residents through Touring Art Festivals

8.2.1.6 Typology of Citizen awareness and forms of initiatives through Touring Art Festivals

8.2.2 Examples of artwork being conducted by the author

8.2.2.1 Regarding the artworks

8.2.2.2 About the artist and research organization

8.2.2.3 Geographical Characteristics of the Date district

8.2.2.4 Importance of Social Interaction

8.2.2.5 Transition of Social Networks through Local Participatory Art

8.2.2.6 Actual conditions of the participation network and its evolution

8.2.3 Future Prospects

References

8.3 Planning of Agricultural Spaces with Local Residents as Bearers through Active Spatial Interventions Taking into Consideration People's Behavior and the Surrounding Environment

Mei Komatsu

8.3.1 Introduction

8.3.2 Current Status of Citizen Farms

8.3.2.1 Positioning of the Case Studies Addressed in This Chapter

8.3.3 Case Study of Tagayase Okura and Ikou Farm

Outline of Setagaya and Adachi Ward, Tokyo

8.3.3.1 Basic Information of Setagaya and Adachi Ward

8.3.3.2 Urban Farmland in Setagaya and Adachi Ward

8.3.4 Practical Case of the Collaboration between Agriculture and Welfare: Tagayase Okura

8.3.4.1 Project Form

8.3.4.2 Mutual Utilization of Space through Land Use Change

8.3.5 Practical Case of Planting, Zoning, and Other Spatial Innovations: Ikou Farm

8.3.5.1 Improvement of the Overall Attractiveness of the Civic Farm through the Use of Existing Architecture and Flexible Change of Use

8.3.5.2 Relationship between People's Actions and Spatial Configuration

8.3.6 Case Study of Agatagaoka Citizen's Vegetable Garden in Yokkaichi City -Outline of Yokkaichi City, Mie

8.3.6.1 Basic Information

8.3.6.2 Urban Farmland in Yokkaichi City

8.3.7 Citizen's Farms in Yokkaichi City

8.3.7.1 The Structure of the Municipal Citizen's Vegetable Garden Project

8.3.8 Practical Case of Mutual Support with Neighboring Parks and Wooded Areas:

Agatagaoka Citizen's Vegetable Garden

8.3.8.1 Relationship to Surrounding Urban Facilities and Environment

8.3.9 Conclusion

References

9 Conclusion: Sustainable Urbanism based on Satoyama, Informative, Explorable, Livable and Adaptable Environments

Takashi Ariga

9.1 Planning Approaches in Response to the Need to Rehabilitate Holistic Environmental Systems across the Borders of Administrative Territories

9.2 Eco-integrated community restoration and designs

9.3 Strategic Assessment to edit community development program

9.4 Urban vision of Satoyama

9.5 Need for Environmental Planning and Management Theory

9.6 Case Study: Yokkaichi City, Mie Prefecture, Japan

9.6.1 Satoyama Management in the "urban utilization zones" and "nature symbiosis zones"

9.6.2 Practical Community Development Using the Civic Green Space System: The Agata District in the Urbanization Control Area

9.7 Multilayered Environmental Resources, Planning Elements, and Methodology for City Planning

References