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In-depth scholarship on the central artists, movements, and themes of Latin American art, from the Mexican revolution to the present
A Companion to Modern and Contemporary Latin American and Latinx Art consists of over 30 never-before-published essays on the crucial historical and theoretical issues that have framed our understanding of art in Latin America. This book has a uniquely inclusive focus that includes both Spanish-speaking Caribbean and contemporary Latinx art in the United States. Influential critics of the 20th century are also covered, with an emphasis on their effect on the development of artistic movements.
By providing in-depth explorations of central artists and issues, alongside cross-references to illustrations in major textbooks, this volume provides an excellent complement to wider surveys of Latin American and Latinx art. Readers will engage with the latest scholarship on each of five distinct historical periods, plus broader theoretical and historical trends that continue to influence how we understand Latinx, Indigenous, and Latin American art today. The book's areas of focus include:
With its comprehensive approach and informative structure, A Companion to Modern and Contemporary Latin American and Latinx Art is an excellent resource for advanced students in Latin American culture and art. It is also a valuable reference for aspiring scholars in the field.
Alejandro Anreus, PhD, is Professor of Art History and Latin American Latina/o Studies at William Paterson University, New Jersey, USA.
Robin Adèle Greeley, PhD, is Associate Professor of Art History at the University of Connecticut, Connecticut, USA.
Megan A. Sullivan, PhD, is Assistant Professor of Art History at the University of Chicago, Illinois, USA.
List of Illustrations
About the Editor
Notes on Contributors
Series Editor's Preface
Introduction: Latin American and Latino Art Alejandro Anreus, Robin Greeley, Megan Sullivan
Section I 1910-1945: Cosmopolitanisms and Nationalisms
This section focuses on the origins and development of avant-garde art movements based in the major urban centers of Latin America. It addresses the rising tensions between social and aesthetic agendas (especially around issues of race and class), redefinitions of national identities, and the confrontation between cosmopolitanism and nationalism. This set of essays explores various movements and critical voices in relation to relevant aspects of the international avant-garde and key moments of social and political history.
Chapter 1 Art After the Mexican Revolution: Muralism, Prints, Photography Leonard Folgarait
Chapter 2 The Reinvention of the 'Semana de Arte Moderna' Francisco Alambert
Chapter 3 José Carlos Mariátegui and the Eternal Dawn of Revolution Martín Oyata
Chapter 4 National Values: The Havana Vanguard in the Revista de Avance and the Lyceum Gallery Ingrid W. Elliott
Chapter 5 Photography, Avant-Garde, and Modernity Esther Gabara
Section II 1945-1959: The Cold War and Internationalism
This group of essays addresses the rise of abstraction and consolidation of "internationalist" formalism, the polemics between the proponents of social realism and indigenismo as "authentic" art forms versus the subsequent development of alternative movements such as geometric, concrete and gestural abstraction. This section examines these movements within the social and political context of the Cold War and the rise of modernization theory and state-led developmentalism across Latin America. It also highlights the importance of the rise of institutions, museums, and events, such as the São Paulo Biennial, in the growing internationalization of Latin American art.
Chapter 6 Wifredo Lam, Aimé Césaire, Eugenio Granell, André Breton: Agents of Surrealism in the Caribbean Lowery Stokes Sims
Chapter 7 The Oscillation between myth and critique: Octavio Paz between Duchamp and Tamayo Cuauhtémoc Medina
Chapter 8 Latin American Abstraction (1934-1969) Juan Ledezma
Chapter 9 Architectural Modernism and Its Discontents: Brazil and Beyond Fabiola López-Durán
Chapter 10 The Realism-Abstraction Debate in Latin America: Four Questions Megan Sullivan
Chapter 11 São Paulo, and other Models: The Biennial in Latin America, 1951-1991 Isobel Whitelegg
Section III 1959-1973: Revolution, Resistance, and the Politicization of Art
This section explores the upheavals in art and politics in the decade of the 1960s. Significant changes in the visual arts (the dematerialization of the art object, the rise of happenings, and the politicization of art) are read against the political and social turmoil of the Cuban Revolution, the 1968 student protests, and polarization of the political spectrum across Latin America. Several key theorists of this intense period of artistic and political development (Marta Traba, José Gómez Sicre, and Oscar Masotta) are particularly highlighted.
Chapter 12 Art and the Cuban Revolution Alejandro Anreus
Chapter 13 The Myths of Hélio Oiticica Irene V. Small
Chapter 14 Between Chaos and the Furnaces: Argentine Conceptualism Daniel Quiles
Chapter 15 Chicana/o Art: 1965 - 1975 Terezita Romo
Chapter 16 Cold War Intellectual Networks: Marta Traba in Circulation Florencia Bazzano
Chapter 17 José Gómez Sicre and the Inter-American Exhibitions of the Pan American Union Claire F. Fox
Chapter 18 "...A place for us": The Puerto Rican Alternative Art Space Movement in New York Yasmin Ramirez
Section IV 1973-1990: Dictatorship, Social Violence, and the Rise of Conceptual Strategies
This section examines the rise of conceptual aesthetic strategies and new media in the 1970s and 80s in relation both to the repressive dictatorships and the retreat of democracy throughout the region and international trends. In addition to examining new artistic collectives and movements, this section explores several key art critics crucial to theorizing these experimental aesthetic strategies, including Juan Acha, Nelly Richard, and Willy Thayer.
Chapter 19 An 'Other' Possible Revolution. The Cultural Guerrilla in Peru in 1970 Emilio Tarazona and Miguel A. López
Chapter 20 Art in Chile after 1973 Miguel Valderrama
Chapter 21 Cold War Conceptualism: Mexico's Grupos Movement Robin Greeley
Chapter 22 Asco in Three Acts Robb Hernández
Chapter 23 A Real Existence: Conceptual Art, Conceptualism and Art in Brazil and Beyond Sérgio B. Martins
Section V 1990-2010: Neoliberalism and Globalization
This group of essays explores recent production in Latin American and Latino art. It focuses on the rise of identity politics, the repercussions of globalization on Latin American and Latino art, and the burgeoning art market (dealers, auctions, collectors) and exhibitions under the economic effects of neoliberalism.
Chapter 24 Border Art Ila N. Sheren
Chapter 25 Walking with the Devil: Art, Culture, and Internationalization. An Interview with Gerardo Mosquera
Alejandro Anreus
Chapter 26 Is This What Democracy Looks Like? Tania Bruguera and the Politics of Performance Stephanie Schwartz
Chapter 27 Shadows of the Doubtful Straight: Cuban-American Artists, 1970-2000 Rocío Aranda-Alvarado
Chapter 28 Notes on the Dominican Diaspora in the United States E. Carmen Ramos
Chapter 29 Antigonismos: Metaphoric Burial as Political Intervention in Contemporary Colombian Art Ana María Reyes
Chapter 30 Art, Memory, and Human Rights in Argentina Andrea Giunta
Section VI Approaches, Debates, and Methodologies
This group of essays addresses broader theoretical and historical trends, as well as key methodological approaches that have shaped the field. Essays explore the development of institutions, categories, models, and discourses that have shaped our conceptions of modern and contemporary Latin American and Latino art in the western hemisphere.
Chapter 31 Time and Place: Notes on the System of the Arts in Latin America Natalia Majluf
Chapter 32 Is There Such a Thing as Latino Art? Chon A. Noriega
Chapter 33 The Expansion of Culture: Drawbacks for Cities and Art. Néstor García Canclini
Chapter 34 A Question: The Term "Indigenous Art" Ticio Escobar
Chapter 35 What is 'Latin American Art' today? José Luis Falconi
Francisco Alambert is Professor of Social History of Art at the University of São Paulo, Brazil. As an art critic, his articles and essays appear in several newspapers and magazines in Brazil, Latin America, and Europe. He has published Biennials of São Paulo: From the Era of Museums to the Era of Curators (Boitempo, 2004); "For a (social) History of Brazilian art" (In Barcinski, Fabiana, On Brazilian Art: From Prehistory to the 1960s, 2015); "The Oiticica Fire" and "1001 Words for Mario Pedrosa" (both in Art Journal); "The Key Role of Criticism in Experimental and Avant-Garde Trends: Mário Pedrosa" (In Olea, Héctor; Ramírez, Mari Carmen. Building on a Construct: The Adolpho Leirner Collection of Brazilian Constructive Art at the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, 2009); "El Goya Vengador en el Tercer Mundo: Picasso y Guernica en Brazil" (In Giunta, Andrea, El Guernica de Picasso: el poder de la representación, 2009).
Rocío Aranda-Alvarado is a program officer for the Ford Foundation, working in the Creativity and Free Expression group. She is the former curator of El Museo del Barrio (2009-2017), where she organized numerous exhibitions including Antonio Lopez: Future Funk Fashion and !PRESENTE! The Young Lords in New York, as well as the 2011 and 2013 editions of LA BIENAL, El Museo's biennial for emerging artists, and she was curator at the Jersey City Museum (2000-2008). Her writing has appeared in various publications including catalog essays for the Museum of Modern Art and El Museo del Barrio, Nka: Journal of Contemporary African Art, Art Nexus, Review, the journal of the Americas Society, NYFA Quarterly, Small Axe, BOMB and American Art.
Florencia Bazzano, Curatorial Research Associate for Latin American art, joined the Blanton Art Museum in 2015, after working for the Cantor Arts Museum at Stanford University and the Smithsonian Museum of American Art in Washington, DC. Dr. Bazzano is a University of Texas alum, where she received her undergraduate and master's degrees. She went on to receive her PhD in Latin American art from the University of New Mexico. She taught art history at Tulane University and Georgia State University. She has an extensive list of publications, including the books Liliana Porter: The Art of Simulation (Ashgate/Routledge, 2008); and Marta Traba en circulación (Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2010). At the Blanton Museum of Art Bazzano has assisted in the presentation of several exhibitions, including Moderno: Design for Living in Brazil, Mexico, and Venezuela, 1940-1978 (2015); Fixing Shadows: Contemporary Peruvian Photography, 1968-2015 (2016); and the reinstallation of the Latin American permanent collection as part of You Belong Here: Reimagining the Blanton (2017).
Ingrid W. Elliott is an adjunct professor in Latin America art at Seattle University, and cocurator of "Amelia Peláez: the Craft of Modernity" at the Pérez Art Museum Miami (2013). Elliott completed her doctoral dissertation on Amelia Peláez and the Cuban vanguard in 2010 at the University of Chicago, with the support of a Fulbright-Hays fellowship for doctoral research in Cuba. Her research focuses on issues of gender in modern Cuban art.
Ticio Escobar is a Paraguayan lawyer, academic, author, museum director, and former Minister of Culture of Paraguay. His work on indigenous Paraguayan peoples and cultures has garnered him numerous awards, including Latin American Art Critic of the Year (1984), Guggenheim Foundation (1998), Prince Claus Award (1998), and the International Association of Art Critics Prize (2011).
José Luis Falconi received his PhD from Harvard University, teaches at University of Connecticut, and is director of Art Life Laboratory, a publishing house specializing in Latin American contemporary art. A curator, critic, and photographer, Dr. Falconi directed the Latin American contemporary arts initiative at Harvard (2006-2016) and has been the curator of more than twenty exhibitions of work by emergent Latin American artists. He has been a visiting professor at Boston University, Universidad de Chile, and Universidad Nacional de Colombia. His published books include A Singular Plurality: The Works of Dario Escobar (2013); The Great Swindle: The Works of Santiago Montoya (2014); and Pedro Reyes: Ad Usum/To Be Used (2018). A founding member of the Symbolic Reparations Research Project, he analyzes policies and practices of aesthetic memorialization in symbolic reparations for victims of human rights violations in the Americas.
Leonard Folgarait is Distinguished Professor of Art History at Vanderbilt University. He is the author of So Far from Heaven: David Alfaro Siqueiros' The March of Humanity and Mexican Revolutionary Politics (Cambridge, 1987); Mural Painting and Social Revolution in Mexico, 1920-1940: Art of the New Order (Cambridge, 1998); Seeing Mexico Photographed. The Work of Horne, Cassasola, Modotti, and Álvarez Bravo (Yale 2008); and coeditor and contributor of Mexican Muralism. A Critical History (California, 2012).
Claire F. Fox is Professor in the Departments of English and Spanish and Portuguese at the University of Iowa. She is the author of Making Art Panamerican: Cultural Policy and the Cold War (Minnesota, 2013); and The Fence and The River: Culture and Politics at the U.S.-Mexico Border (Minnesota, 1999).
Esther Gabara is Associate Professor of Romance Studies at Duke University. She is the author of several articles and catalog essays, and Errant Modernism: The Ethos of Photography in Mexico and Brazil (Duke, 2008).
Néstor García Canclini is Professor and Researcher at the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana in Mexico City. An Argentinean-born anthropologist and critic, he is known for his theorization of the concept of hybridity. He is the author of numerous books, including in English translation Transforming Modernity: Popular Culture in Mexico (Texas, 1993); Hybrid Cultures: Strategies for Entering and Leaving Modernity (Minnesota, 1995); and Consumers and Citizens: Globalization and Multicultural Conflicts (Minnesota, 2001).
Andrea Giunta is an art historian and curator specializing in Latin American and contemporary art. She received her doctorate from the University of Buenos Aires, where she is a professor of Latin American and contemporary art. She is also a principal researcher at the National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (Conicet) of Argentina and a visiting professor at the University of Texas-Austin. Among her works are Feminismo y arte latinoamericano (2018); Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960-1985 (with Cecilia Fajardo-Hill); Verboamérica (2016, with Agustín Pérez Rubio); When Does Contemporary Art Begin? (2014); Escribir las imágenes (2011); Objetos mutantes (2010); Poscrisis (2009); El Guernica de Picasso: el poder de la representación (2009); and Avant-Garde, Internationalism and Politics: Argentine Art in the Sixties (2007).
Robb Hernández is currently Associate Professor of Latinx and American Studies at Fordham University. His current book project examines the aftereffects of the AIDS crisis in Chicano avant-gardism of Southern California. He is cocurator of Mundos Alternos: Art and Science Fiction of the Americas, a Getty-sponsored exhibition for Pacific Standard Time II: LA/LA (2017-2018).
Juan Ledezma is an independent scholar and curator specialized in the Russian avant-gardes and Latin American modern art. He has organized a number of exhibitions of Latin American abstraction, including Vibration (Bundeskunsthalle, Bonn) and Gebaute Vision (Haus Konstruktiv, Zurich). He is writing a book on the shift from abstract art to conceptualism in Latin America entitled Nation and Abstraction.
Miguel A. López is a writer, researcher, and codirector and chief curator of TEOR/éTica in San José, Costa Rica. His work investigates collaborative dynamics, transformations in the understanding of and engagement with politics in Latin America, and feminist rearticulations of art and culture. His writings have appeared in periodicals such as Afterall, ramona, E-flux Journal, Art in America, and Art Journal, among others. He was member of several art collectives, artist-run spaces and art magazines since 2003. In 2014, he cofounded the independent art space and art journal Bisagra, in Lima, Peru. In 2016 he was recipient of the Independent Vision Curatorial Award from ICI - Independent Curators International, New York. His most recent book is Robar la historia. Contrarrelatos y prácticas artísticas de oposición (Metales Pesados, 2017).
Fabiola López-Durán is Associate Professor of Art History at Rice University. She is the author of several articles and catalog essays, and Eugenics in the Garden: Transatlantic Architecture and the Crafting of Modernity (Texas, 2018).
Natalia Majluf is former director of the Museo de Arte de Lima. Her research has focused on issues of race and nationalism in nineteenth and twentieth-century...
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