Part I: History and Incidence of Use: Chapter 1. Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids: A Historical Perspective and Definition, Charles D. Kochakian. Chapter 2. History of Anabolic Steroid Use in Sport and Exercise, Charles E. Yesalis, Stephen Courson, and James Wright. Chapter 3. Incidence of Anabolic Steroid Use: A Discussion of Methodological issues, Charles E Yesalis. Chapter 4. A Study of Anabolic Steroid Use at the Secondary School Level: Recommendations for Prevention, William E. Buckley, Charles E. Yesalis, and David Bennell. Part II: Effects, Dependence, and Treatment Issues: Chapter 5. The Efficacy and Mechanisms of Action of Anabolic Steroids, John Lombardo. Chapter 6. Effects of Anabolic Steroids on Physical Health, Karl E. Friedl. Chapter 7. Additional Effects of Anabolic Steroids on Women, Richard H. Strauss and Charles E. Yesalis. Chapter 8. Psychological Effects of Endogenous Testosterone and Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids, Michael S. Bahrke. Chapter 9. Anabolic Steroids: Potential for Physical and Psychological Dependence, Kirk J. Brower. Chapter 10. Anabolic Steroid Use Among Adolescents: A Study of Indications of Psychological Dependence, Charles E. Yesalis, Judith R. Vicary, and William E. Buckley. Chapter 11. Assessment and Treatment of Anabolic Steroid Withdrawal, Kirk J. Brower. Part III: Testing and Societal Alternatives: Chapter 12. Evolution and Politics of Drug Testing, Jim Ferstle. Chapter 13. Drug Testing and Anabolic Steroids, R. Craig Kammerer. Chapter 14. Societal Alternatives, Charles E. Yesalis and James Wright.