Preface
by Victoria Yaneva and Matthias von Davier
Section I: Automated Scoring
Chapter 1: The Role of Robust Software in Automated Scoring
by Nitin Madnani, Aoife Cahill, and Anastassia Loukina
Chapter 2: Psychometric Considerations when Using Deep Learning for Automated Scoring
by Susan Lottridge, Chris Ormerod, and Amir Jafari
Chapter 3: Speech Analysis in Assessment
by Jared C. Bernstein and Jian Cheng
Chapter 4: Assessment of Clinical Skills: A Case Study in Constructing an NLP-Based Scoring System for Patient Notes
by Polina Harik, Janet Mee, Christopher Runyon, and Brian E. Clauser
Section II: Item Development
Chapter 5: Automatic Generation of Multiple-Choice Test Items from Paragraphs Using Deep Neural Networks
by Ruslan Mitkov, Le An Ha, Halyna Maslak, Tharindu Ranasinghe, and Vilelmini Sosoni
Chapter 6: Training Optimus Prime, M.D.: A Case Study of Automated Item Generation using Artificial Intelligence - From Fine-Tuned GPT2 to GPT3 and Beyond
by Matthias von Davier
Chapter 7: Computational Psychometrics for Digital-first Assessments: A Blend of ML and Psychometrics for Item Generation and Scoring
by Geoff LaFlair, Kevin Yancey, Burr Settles, Alina A von Davier
Section III: Validity and Fairness
Chapter 8: Validity, Fairness, and Technology-based Assessment
by Suzanne Lane
Chapter 9: Evaluating Fairness of Automated Scoring in Educational Measurement
by Matthew S. Johnson and Daniel F. McCaffrey
Section IV: Emerging Technologies
Chapter 10: Extracting Linguistic Signal from Item Text and Its Application to Modeling Item Characteristics
by Victoria Yaneva, Peter Baldwin, Le An Ha, and Christopher Runyon
Chapter 11: Stealth Literacy Assessment: Leveraging Games and NLP in iSTART
by Ying Fang, Laura K. Allen, Rod D. Roscoe, and Danielle S. McNamara
Chapter 12: Measuring Scientific Understanding Across International Samples: The Promise of Machine Translation and NLP-based Machine Learning Technologies
by Minsu Ha and Ross H. Nehm
Chapter 13: Making Sense of College Students' Writing Achievement and Retention with Automated Writing Evaluation
by Jill Burstein, Daniel McCaffrey, Steven Holtzman & Beata Beigman Klebanov
Contributor Biographies
