Fundamentals of Electrochemistry

Preface
PART I: FUNDAMENTALS (ON THE LEVEL OF BSC, REFERENCE FOR LOOK UP FOR ENGINEERS, PHYSICISTS ETC.)

THE ELECTRODE REACTION -- THE FOCUS OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Current and Chemical Conversion in Electrochemical Cells
Electrodes and Ions (Definitions Electrode, Electrolyte, Anode, Cathode etc.)
Which Quantitative Relation Does Exist between Chemical Conversion and Charge?
Which Relation Does Exist between Electrical Current and Reaction Rate?
Galvanic Cells and Electrolysis Cells
THERMODYNAMICS OF ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTIONS
From Cell Voltage to Electrode Potentials
Which Relation Does Exist between Cell Voltages and Thermodynamic Potentials
Cells Voltages Are Caused by Charge Separation at Interfaces - the Galvani Voltage
Measurement of Cells Voltages and Application of Galvanic Cells (Preliminary Overview)
ELECTROCHEMICAL KINETICS ? HOMOGENEOUS AND HETEROGENEOUS PROCESSES
Coupling of Mass Transport and Interfacial Reactions
Kinetics of Charge-Transfer Step
MASS TRANSPORT AND BOUNDARY LAYERS
Overview and Definition
Migration
The Electrical Double Layer
Diffusion
Diffusion Layers
Summary and Outlook

PART II: EXPERIMENTAL METHODS IN ELECTROCHEMISTRY (LEVEL SENIOR BSC OR MSC/PHD)
ELECTROANALYTICAL METHODS AND ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS
Family Tree of Electroanalytical Methods
Potentiometry
Dynamic Electrochemical Methods
Amperometric Sensors
Voltammetry under Special Mass Transport Conditions -- Thin Layer Voltammetry and Voltammetry of Immobilized Redox Systems
Voltammetry under Special Mass Transport Conditions -- Microelectrodes
Basics of Electrochemical Instrumentation

MECHANISTIC ANALYSIS OF ELECTRON TRANSFER REACTIONS IN LIQUID ELECTROLYTES
Use of Diagnostic Criteria
Use of Digital Simulations
Zone Diagrams
Spectroscopic Identification of Products and Intermediates

ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY
Ohmic Resistance and Ideal Capacitor in an Electrical AC Circle
Impedance Measurement in Electrochemical Cells
Equivalent Circuits
Development of Equivalent Circuits
Constant Phase Elements
Summary

INTERFACIAL ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Overview
Vibrational Spectroscopy at Surfaces
Ellipsometry
Surface Plasmon Resonance
Spectroscopy of Core Shell Electrons
X-Diffractions
Mass Spectrometry
Quartz Crystal Microbalance
Single Crystal Electrodes
A Second View on the Electrical Double Layer
Electrochemical Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (ECSTM) and electrochemical scanning force microscopy (ECSFM)
Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM)
Other Scanning Microscopies

PART III: ELECTROCHEMICAL MATERIAL SCIENCE (LEVEL MSC/PHD)
ELECTRODEPOSITION
Metal Deposition on Foreign Materials
Galvanic Processes
Electrodeposition of Oxides

SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Structure and Bonding in Semiconductors
Semiconductor Electrodes
Application of Semiconductor Electrodes

SOLID ELECTROLYTES AND OTHER NON-CONVENTIONAL ELECTROLYTE SYSTEMS
Why Do Solids Contain Defects?
Ionic Conductivity of Solids
Boundary Layers in Ion-Conducting Solids
Electrochemistry in Molten Salts and Ionic Liquids
Conductivity in Glasses
Conductivity in Polymers

ELECTROCATALYSIS: MECHANISMS FOR THE REACTION OF IMPORTANT SMALL MOLECULES
Concepts
Experimental Methods for the Study of Electrocatalytic Reactions
Water Electrolysis
H2/H+
Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Importance of Reactive Oxygen Species in Biology and Technology
CO2 Reduction
Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Small Organic Molecules

MODIFIED ELECTRODES
Electrochemistry of Self-Assembled Monolayers
Electronically Conductive Polymers
Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials

PART IV: SELECTED APPLICATION OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY (LEVEL, SENIOR BSC, MOSTLY MSC/PHD)

CORROSION AND CORROSION PROTECTION
What is Corrosion?
Pourbaix Diagrams -
The Thermodynamics of Corrosion
The Kinetics of Corrosion and Passivity
Basic Approaches to Corrosion Protection
Important Corrosion Phenomena
Intentional Metal Dissolution

BATTERIES
Overview about Electrochemical Energy Conversion Systems
Specifications of Batteries
Classification of Batteries
Zink-Manganese Batteries as Example of a Primary Cell
Lead Acid Accumulator as an Example of a Secondary Cell with Aqueous Electrolyte
Li-Ion Batteries
Metal-Air Batteries
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery

FUEL CELLS
Overview
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell
Variations of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC)
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
Molten Carbonat Fuel Cell (MCFC)
Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells (PAFC)
Alkaline Fuel Cell (AFC)

ELECTROSYNTHESIS IN LABORATORY AND INDUSTRY
Principles
Examples for Scale-Up

Bioelectrochemistry
Electrochemistry of Low Molecular Weight Cofactors
Electrochemistry of Proteins
Amperometric Enzyme Electrodes
Electrochemical Detection using Enzyme Labels
Electrochemistry of DNA
Coupling of Information Flow from Biological Cells to Artificial Electrochemical Systems

APPENDICES
Standard Electrode Potentials at 298 K
Solubility Products of Salts with Low Solubility
Complex Formation Constants
Equilibrium Constants for Absorption of Gases in Water at 25 degreesC
Properties of Important Electrode Materials
Properties of Single Crystal Electrodes
Greek Alphabet
Abbreviations in this book
Symbols for Physico-Chemical Quantities in This Book
Selection of Fundamental Constants