In this extensive study of the Christian mythology that animated Europe in the Middle Ages, author Philippe Walter reveals how these stories and the holiday traditions connected with them are based on long-standing pagan rituals and myths and have very little connection to the Bible. The author explains how the church fathers knowingly incorporated pagan elements into the Christian faith to ease the transition to the new religion. Rather than tear down the pagan temples in Britain, Pope Gregory the Great advised Saint Augustine of Canterbury to add the pagan rituals into the mix of Christian practices and transform the pagan temples into churches. Instead of religious conversion, it was simply a matter of convincing the populace to include Jesus in their current religious practices.
Providing extensive documentation, Walter shows which major calendar days of the Christian year are founded on pagan rituals and myths, including the high holidays of Easter and Christmas. Examining hagiographic accounts of the saints, he reveals the origin of these symbolic figures in the deities worshipped in pagan Europe for centuries. He also explores how the identities of saints and pagan figures became so intermingled that some saints were transformed into pagan incarnations, such as Mary Magdalene's conversion into one of the Celtic Ladies of the Lake.
In revealing the pagan roots of many Christian figures, stories, and rituals, Walter provides a new understanding of the evolution of religious belief.
Rezensionen / Stimmen
"Walter writes in a distinguished academic tradition that goes back to Jesse L. Weston and Sir James Frazier. He describes a rich complex of pagan, European traditions that inform Christian ritual. In doing so, he illuminates beliefs that underlie some of our most cherished stories and practices. I will recommend this book to my students." * Steve Harris, associate professor of English, University of Massachusetts * "It is generally understood that Christianity strengthened its position early on in the popular mind by usurping and bending pagan rituals and sacred locales. In this ambitious scholarly treatise, professor of medieval French literature Walter marries the pagan and Christian calendars in great detail by examining ancient myths, saints, and celebrations. He visits All Saints Day, the Twelve Days of Christmas, Candlemas, Easter, Ascension, St. John's Day of Summer, St. Peter's Chains Day, and St. Michael's Day to find that these yearly rounds, roughly 40 days apart, share a mythical realm with the dates of Carnival, best understood as 'a religion--it was even the religion preceding Christianity.' Walter's sources include acts of councils, confessors' manuals, literary texts such as Arthurian romances, hagiographic works, and medieval iconography. While he doesn't attack Christianity on its spiritual merits, he concludes boldly that 'Christianity would have had no chance of imposing itself in the West if, on certain points of dogma and rites, it had not responded to the religious needs of the converted pagans.' . . . This volume makes a strong scholarly contribution to understanding the evolution of belief, where 'it is important to understand that nothing has been lost or created.'" * Publishers Weekly *
Auflage
2nd Edition, New Edition of Christianity: Origins of a Pagan Religion
Sprache
Verlagsort
Produkt-Hinweis
Maße
Höhe: 228 mm
Breite: 153 mm
Dicke: 17 mm
Gewicht
ISBN-13
978-1-62055-368-8 (9781620553688)
Copyright in bibliographic data and cover images is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or by the publishers or by their respective licensors: all rights reserved.
Schweitzer Klassifikation
Philippe Walter is a professor of medieval French literature at the Universite Stendhal in Grenoble. He has published numerous books about the Middle Ages and has overseen the editing and translation of the Grail romances for the prestigious Bibliotheque de la Pleiade. He lives in France.
Foreword by Claude Lecouteux
Introduction
One Carnival, the Enigma of a Name
Two November 1, Samhain
Three Christmas and the Twelve Days
Four February 1, Imbolc
Five The Transitional Period of Easter
Six May 1, Beltane
Seven Saint John's Day
Eight August 1, Lughnasad
Nine Saint Michael on Mount Gargan
Conclusion
Appendix 1 History of Normandy, Book 13
Appendix 2 The Baying (or Questing) Beast
Appendix 3 A Short Index of Saints
Notes
Index
