General Chapter: 1 The Significance of Actual Trademark Use and "Use in Commerce" Under U.S. Trademark Law - Kristen Mollnow Walsh & Jeffrey L. Costellia, Nixon Peabody LLP Country Question and Answer Chapters: 2 Albania Boga & Associates: Renata Leka & Ened Topi 3 Belgium Baker & McKenzie: Pierre Sculier & Elisabeth Dehareng 4 Brazil Kasznar Leonardos: Filipe da Cunha Leonardos & Claudio Roberto Barbosa 5 Canada Bereskin & Parr LLP: Daniel R. Bereskin, Q.C. & Wynnie Chan 6 China CCPIT Patent and Trademark Law Office: Chumeng (Jessica) Xu 7 Cyprus Papacharalambous & Angelides L.L.C: Eleni Papacharalambous 8 Ecuador Quevedo & Ponce: Alejandro Ponce Martinez & Roque Albuja Izurieta 9 European Union Bristows: Paul Walsh & Dominic Murphy 10 France Dewey & LeBoeuf LLP: Gaetan Cordier 11 Germany Hengeler Mueller: Dr. Wolfgang Kellenter & Dr. Andrea Schlaffge 12 Greece Law Offices of Patrinos & Kilimiris: Maria Kilimiris & Manolis Metaxakis 13 Hungary Danubia Patent & Law Office: Michael Lantos 14 India Subramaniam, Nataraj & Associates, Patent & Trademarks Attorneys: Hari Subramaniam 15 Italy Avvocati Associati Franzosi Dal Negro Setti: Vincenzo Jandoli 16 Japan Anderson Mori & Tomotsune: Yasufumi Shiroyama & Ai Nagaoka 17 Kosovo Boga & Associates: Renata Leka & Ened Topi 18 Luxembourg Loyens & Loeff, avocats a la Cour: Veronique Hoffeld 19 Macedonia Pepeljugoski Law Office: Professor Dr. Valentin Pepeljugoski & Ana Pepeljugoska 20 Malaysia Tay & Partners: Su Siew Ling & Joanne Kong 21 Mexico Arochi, Marroquin & Lindner: Maria Teresa Eljure 22 Nigeria Banwo & Ighodalo: Femi Olubanwo & Chinasa Uwanna 23 Philippines SyCip Salazar Hernandez & Gatmaitan Law Offices: Enrique T. Manuel & Vida M. Panganiban-Alindogan 24 Poland Patpol Sp. z o.o.: Anna Zakrocka & BartAomiej Kochlewski 25 Portugal Abreu Advogados: Joao Veiga Gomes & Joao Goncalves Assuncao 26 Romania Pachiu & Associates: Remus Ene & Gabriela Ivancu 27 Slovenia Jadek & Pensa Law Office: Eva Gostisa 28 South Africa DM Kisch Inc: Nola Bond & Julia Stephens 29 Spain ELZABURU: Fernando Ilardia & Luis Baz 30 Switzerland ThomannFischer: Daniel Pluss 31 Taiwan TIPLO Attorneys-at-Law: J. K. Lin & H. G. Chen 32 United Kingdom Bristows: Paul Walsh & Dominic Murphy 33 USA Nixon Peabody LLP: Kristen Mollnow Walsh & Gina M. McCreadie 34 Vietnam Pham & Associates: Pham Vu Khanh Toan