Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2020

Part I. Respiratory Issues.- Physiology of respiratory drive in ICU patients: implications for diagnosis and treatment.-Monitoring patient respiratory effort during mechanical ventilation: lung and diaphragm-protective ventilation.- Ten reasons to use mechanical power to guide ventilator settings in patients without ARDS.- Part II. ARDS.- Extracellular vesicles in ARDS: new insights into pathogenesis with novel clinical applications.-ARDS subphenotypes: understanding a heterogeneous syndrome.- Assessment of VILI risk during spontaneous breathing and assisted mechanical ventilation.- Part III. Biomarkers.- The future of ARDS biomarkers: where are the gaps in implementation of precision medicine?.- Utility of inflammatory biomarkers for predicting organ failure and outcomes in cardiac arrest patients.- Troponin elevations after cardiac surgery: just 'troponitis'?.- Biomarkers of sepsis during continuous renal replacement therapy: have we found the appropriate biomarker to use in thissituation?.- Part IV. Fluids.- Do intensivists need to care about the revised Starling principle?.- Right ventricular dysfunction and fluid administration in critically ill patients.-Intravenous fluids: don't drown in confusion!.- Part V. Hemodynamic Management.- Update in right ventricular hemodynamic, echocardiographic and extra-cardiac ultrasound monitoring.- Management of hypotension: implications for non-cardiac surgery and the intensive care.- Heterogeneity of cardiovascular response to standardized sepsis resuscitation.- Part VI. The Microcirculation.- Clinical relevance of the endothelial glycocalyx in critically ill patients.- Customized monitoring of the microcirculation in patients with a left ventricular assist device.- Monitoring pf the sublingual microcirculation at the bedside: yes, it is possible and useful.- Microcirculation in patients with sepsis: from physiology to interventions.- Part VII. Sepsis.- Macrophage activation syndrome in sepsis: does it exist and how torecognize it?.- Is T cell exhaustion a treatable trait in sepsis?.- Cell-free hemoglobin: a new therapeutic target in sepsis?.- Therapeutic potential of the gut microbiota in the management of sepsis.- Part VIII. Bleeding & Transfusion.- Blood transfusion practice during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: rationale and modern approaches to management.- The use of frozen platelets for the treatment of bleeding.- Viscoelastic assay-guided hemostatic therapy in perioperative and critical care.-Extracorporeal filter and circuit patency: a personalized approach to anticoagulation.- Part IX. Prehospital Intervention.- Prehospital resuscitation with low titer O+ whole blood by civilian EMS teams: rationale and evolving strategies for use.- Mobile stroke units: taking the emergency room to the patient.- Part X. Trauma.- Evaluating quality in trauma systems.- Vasopressors for post-traumatic hemorrhagic shock: friends or foes?.- Extracranial tsunami after traumatic brain injury.- Part XI. Neurological Aspects.- Ten false beliefs about mechanical ventilation in brain injured patients.- Manifestations of critical illness brain injury.- Essential non-invasive multimodality neuromonitoring for the critically ill patient.- Part XII. Organ Donation.- Brain death after cardiac arrest: pathophysiology, prevalence and potential for organ donation.- Organ recovery procedure in donation after controlled circulatory death with normothermic regional perfusion: state of the art.- Part XIII. Oncology.- Admitting adult critically ill patients with hematological malignancies to the ICU: a Sisyphean task or work in progress?.- Onco-nephrology: acute kidney injury in critically ill cancer patients.- Part XIV. Severe Complications.- A clinician's guide to management of intraabdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome in critically ill patients.- Update on the management of iatrogenic gas embolism.- Alcohol withdrawal syndrome in the ICU: preventing rather than treating?.- Part XV. Prolonged Critical Illness.- Muscle dysfunction in critically ill children.- Respiratory muscle rehabilitation in patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation: a targeted approach.- Post-intensive care syndrome and chronic critical illness: a tale of two syndromes.- Part XVI. Organizational and Ethical Aspects.- Sepsis as organ and health system failure.- Burnout and joy in the profession of critical care medicine.- Advance directives in the United Kingdom: ethical, legal and practical considerations.- Part XVII. Future Aspects.- Mobile devices for hemodynamic monitoring.- Artificial intelligence in the intensive care unit.- Index.