Trace Metals in Combustion Systems

Under current U.S. EPA guidelines - and the Clean Air Act Amendments in particular-stack gasses and the solid products of combustion require specialized treatment for removal of trace metals. This book presents a data-intensive assessment of the fate of trace metals during combustion. The data are derived from actual operating combustion systems, and the text emphasizes case studies that document trace metal fate control. Issues covered include metal volatility, metal reactions, and trace metal management through the enhancement or inhibition of specific chemical reactions. It provides a comprehensive review of the concentration of trace materials in the various ranks of coal, grades of oil, types of biofuel, and classes of post-consumer waste. It summarizes the current knowledge concerning fuel architecture, and the relationship of trace metals to the structure of various energy sources. It examines metal partitioning and speciation fundamentals in conventional, fluid bed, and rotary kiln combustion systems. It unifies diverse data from myriad sources, providing an invaluable reference. It emphasizes case studies documenting trace metal fate control.