Published each year since 1959, The Military Balance is an indispensable reference to the capabilities of armed forces across the globe. It is used by academia, the media, armed forces, the private sector and government. It is an open-source assessment of the military forces and equipment inventories of 171 countries, with accompanying defence economics and procurement data. Alongside detailed country data, The Military Balance assesses important defence issues, by region, as well as key global trends, such as in defence technology and equipment modernisation. This analysis is accompanied by full-colour graphics, including maps and illustrations. With extensive explanatory notes and reference information, The Military Balance is as straightforward to use as it is extensive. The 2022 edition is accompanied by a fullcolour wall chart illustrating security dynamics in the Arctic.
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ISBN-13
978-1-032-27900-8 (9781032279008)
Copyright in bibliographic data and cover images is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or by the publishers or by their respective licensors: all rights reserved.
Schweitzer Klassifikation
The International Institute for Strategic Studies is an independent centre for research, information and debate on the problems of conflict, however caused, that have, or potentially have, an important military content. The staff of the Institute is international in composition and IISS work is international in its perspective and reach. The Institute is independent and stresses rigorous fact-based research with a forward-looking policy orientation that can improve wider public understanding of international security problems and influence the development of sounder public policy, and more effective business decisions in the international arena.
Indexes of Tables, Figures and Maps 4
Editor's Introduction 5
Part One: Capabilities, Trends and Economics
Chapter 1
Domain trends 7
Defence budgets and expenditure 9
Tracked self-propelled artillery: selected current and nextgeneration systems 11
Amphibious ship programmes and capabilities 12
In-service or in-development bomber aircraft 13
Chapter 2
Defence and military analysis 14
Defence intelligence: Maintaining relevance in the open-source era 14
Simulation and defence: Training benefits and trends 18
Military adaptation to climate change: Reducing emissions and maintaining military effectiveness 23
Chapter 3
North America 26
Regional trends in 2021 26
Arms procurements and deliveries 42
United States: defence policy and economics 28
Armed forces data section 45 Canada: defence policy 40
Chapter 4
Europe 64
Regional trends in 2021 64
United Kingdom: defence policy 79
Regional defence policy and economics 66
Arms procurements and deliveries 83
Spain: defence policy and economics 76
Armed forces data section 86
Chapter 5
Russia and Eurasia 164
Regional trends in 2021 164
Arms procurements and deliveries 178
Russia: defence policy and economics 166
Armed forces data section 181 Armenia: defence policy and economics 175
Chapter 6
Asia 218
Regional trends in 2021 218
Arms procurements and deliveries 244
Regional defence policy and economics 220
Armed forces data section 247 China: defence policy and economics 233
Chapter 7
Middle East and North Africa 318
Regional trends in 2021 318
Arms procurements and deliveries 329
Regional defence policy and economics 320
Armed forces data section 332 Israel: defence policy 327
Chapter 8
Latin America and the Caribbean 378
Regional trends in 2021 378
Arms procurements and deliveries 390
Regional defence policy and economics 380
Armed forces data section 392
Colombia: defence policy and economics 387
Chapter 9
Sub-Saharan Africa 436
Regional trends in 2021 436
South Africa: defence policy 444
West Africa: defence policy 438
Regional defence economics 445
East Africa: defence policy 440
Arms procurements and deliveries 450
Central and Southern Africa: defence policy 443
Armed forces data section 452
Chapter 10
Military cyber capabilities 507
Part Two Reference
Explanatory notes 511
Principal land definitions 515
Principal naval definitions 516
Principal aviation definitions 517
List of abbreviations for data sections 519
International comparisons of defence expenditure and military personnel 521
Index of country/territory abbreviations 527
Index of countries and territories 528
