Introduction: Advances in Vision-Based Human Body Modeling, Virtual Character Definition and Animation within the MPEG-4 Standard, A Survey of Passive Camera Calibration, Real-time Analysis of Human Body Parts, and Gesture-Activity Recognition in 3D, Facial Expression and Gesture Analysis for Emotionally-rich Man-machine Interaction, Techniques for Face Motion & Expression Analysis on Monocular Images, Analysis and Synthesis of Facial Expressions, Modeling and Synthesis of Realistic Visual Speech in 3D, Automatic 3-D Face Model Adaptation with two Comp exity Modes for Visual Communication, Learning 3D Face Animation Model: Methods and Applications, Synthesis and Analysis Techniques for the Human Body: R&D Projects