Part 1 General introduction: the stress response, Holger Ursin and Miranda Olff; the role of life events in the aetiology of depressive and anxiety disorders, George W. Brown. Part 2 Clinical effects of stress: stress and psychiatric disorder - reconciling social and biological approaches, Paul Glue et al; stress and the cardiovascular system - central and peripheral physiological mechanisms, Bela Bohus and Jaap Koolhaas; stress and the cardiovascular system - a psychosocial perspective, Andrew Steptoe. Part 3 Animal models of stress - coping and resistance: animal models of stress - an overview, Paul Wilner; coping with stress, Robert Dantzer; stress and behavioural inhibition, Neil McNaughton; learned helplessness - relationships with fear and anxiety, Steven F. Maier. Part 4 Neurochemistry of stress: neurochemistry of stress - introduction to techniques, Marianne Fillenz; monoamines in response and adaptation to stress, S. Clare Stanford; the role of GABA in regulation of the stress response, Win Sutanto and E. Ron de Kloet; role(s) of neuropeptides in responding and adaptation to stress - a focus on corticotropin-releasing factor and opioid peptides, Diane M. Hayden-Hixson and Charles B. Nemeroff. Part 5 Future prospects: emotional effects of physical exercise, Peter Salmon; post-traumatic stress disorder, David Sturgeon.