This study provides a modern synthesis of forest research ecology and control, drawing extensively on original research papers. It aims to give the reader an insight into the nature of forest pests by emphasizing the roles of climate, natural enemies, competition and interactions with the host tree in their population dynamics. By drawing attention to the ecological characteristics that determine the extent and frequency of outbreaks, and the impact they have on the forest and the forest environment, a basis is provided for a realistic appraisal of the value of silvicultural, biological, chemical and other control methods. The text examines how best to incorporate these methods into a framework of integrated pest management for particular pest species. The book is illustrated throughout with practical examples, and the subject matter should appeal to pure and applied biologists, ecologists and entomologists, as well as the more practical students of forest management.
Sprache
Verlagsort
Verlagsgruppe
Zielgruppe
Für höhere Schule und Studium
Für Beruf und Forschung
Illustrationen
halftones, figures and tables throughout, bibliography
ISBN-13
978-0-19-854161-5 (9780198541615)
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Schweitzer Klassifikation
Part 1 Introduction: forests as a renewable resource; forestry in Europe; susceptibility of plantation monocultures to insect outbreaks; characteristics of insect outbreaks. Part 2 Forests as a habitat for insects: the community of insects on trees; climate and weather in the ecology of forest insects; biotic factors in the ecology of forest insects. Part 3 Trees as a source of food for insects: nutritional requirements of herbivorous insects; nutrient content of trees in relation to structure and function; food quality and plant defence; insect life cycles in relation to the quantity and quality of food; host stress and food quality; trees and insect population dynamics; implications of insect and tree interactions for forest management. Part 4 The nature of forest insect problems: pest problems in relation to the growing forest; special plantations and urban pest problems; interactions with other insects and disease organisms; the impact of insects on forests and forest trees. Part 5 Forest practices: accidental introduction of pests; planning of forestry plantations; the post-planning stage - silvicultural techniques for pest management; forest diversity and pest outbreaks; forest practices and integrated pest management. Part 6 Plant resistance: variation in trees and insects; defining resistance; resistance mechanisms; detecting genetically determined resistance in trees; breeding for increased pest resistance; host resistance and IPM. Part 7 Biological control: the origin and development of biological control in forestry; the potential for biological control in forestry; the potential for biological control in forestry; the characteristics and use of biological control agents; the safety of biological control agents. Part 8 Insecticides: historical aspect of insecticide use; the scale of control operations with insecticides; insecticides and pest biology; the impact of insecticides - pests, natural enemies and environment; insecticide technology; regulation of insecticide use; the costs of insecticides and the economics of their use in forestry. Part 9 Behaviour-modifying chemicals: the role of chemicals in insect behaviour; the characteristics of pheromones; anti-feedants and repellents. Part 10 Integrated pest management: integrated pest management in forestry; developing an integrated approach to forest insect control; case histories of integrated pest management in forestry.
