Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 189. Chapters: Winston Churchill, Roy Jenkins, Neville Chamberlain, Benjamin Disraeli, John Major, Robert Peel, William Ewart Gladstone, David Lloyd George, Nigel Lawson, James Callaghan, Gordon Brown, Harold Macmillan, Stanley Baldwin, Kenneth Clarke, H. H. Asquith, Hugh Gaitskell, Denis Healey, Geoffrey Howe, Robert Horne, 1st Viscount Horne of Slamannan, Bonar Law, George Canning, Norman Lamont, Baron Lamont of Lerwick, Rab Butler, Austen Chamberlain, Reginald Maudling, Alistair Darling, William Vernon Harcourt, Lord Randolph Churchill, John Simon, 1st Viscount Simon, Robert Lowe, Stafford Cripps, Charles Abbott, 1st Baron Tenterden, Hugh Childers, George Goschen, 1st Viscount Goschen, Hugh Dalton, Sir George Cornewall Lewis, 2nd Baronet, F. J. Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich, Iain Macleod, Anthony Barber, Stafford Northcote, 1st Earl of Iddesleigh, Nicholas Vansittart, 1st Baron Bexley, Michael Hicks Beach, 1st Earl St Aldwyn, Charles Wood, 1st Viscount Halifax, Philip Snowden, 1st Viscount Snowden, John Anderson, 1st Viscount Waverley, Peter Thorneycroft, Baron Thorneycroft, Henry Goulburn, Selwyn Lloyd, Reginald McKenna, Charles Ritchie, 1st Baron Ritchie of Dundee, John Spencer, 3rd Earl Spencer, Thomas Denman, 1st Baron Denman, Derick Heathcoat-Amory, 1st Viscount Amory, Thomas Spring Rice, 1st Baron Monteagle of Brandon, John Charles Herries, Francis Baring, 1st Baron Northbrook, George Ward Hunt, Kingsley Wood. Excerpt: Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, (30 November 1874 ¿ 24 January 1965) was a British politician and statesman known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War. He is widely regarded as one of the great wartime leaders. He served as Prime Minister twice (1940¿45 and 1951¿55). A noted statesman and orator, Churchill was also an officer in the British Army, a historian, a writer, and an artist. To date, he is the only British prime minister to have received the Nobel Prize in Literature, and he was the first person to be made an honorary citizen of the United States. Churchill was born into the aristocratic family of the Dukes of Marlborough. His father, Lord Randolph Churchill, was a charismatic politician who served as Chancellor of the Exchequer; his mother, Jenny Jerome, an American socialite. As a young army officer, he saw action in British India, the Sudan and the Second Boer War. He gained fame as a war correspondent and through books he wrote about his campaigns. At the forefront of politics for fifty years, he held many political and cabinet positions. Before World War I, he served as President of the Board of Trade, Home Secretary and First Lord of the Admiralty as part of the Asquith Liberal government. During the war, he continued as First Lord of the Admiralty until the disastrous Gallipoli Campaign, which he had sponsored, caused his departure from government. He then served briefly on the Western Front, commanding the 6th Battalion of the Royal Scots Fusiliers. He returned to government as Minister of Munitions, Secretary of State for War, and Secretary of State for Air. After the War, Churchill served as Chancellor of the Exchequer in the Conservative (Baldwin) government of 1924¿29, controversially returning the pound sterling in 1925 to the gold standard at its pre-War parity, a move widely seen as creating deflationary pressure on the UK economy. Also controversial were Churchill's opposition to increased home rule for
