Anatomy of the thoracic spine; pathology of the thoracic spine; ligaments of the vertebral column; biomechanics of the thoracic spine; thoracolumbar junction; pathological and developmental anomalies; neural anatomy of the thoracic spine; clinical syndromes affecting the thoracic transitional junctions; thoracic spine and neck - arm pain syndromes; diagnostic imaging of the thoracic spine; diagnosis of thoracic pain syndromes; medical and invasive management of thoracic spine pain; chiropractic management of thoracic pain of mechanical origin; osteopathic management of thoracic pain of mechanical origin; physiotherapy management of thoracic pain of mechanical origin; contraindications to thoracic spinal manipulations.