Operative Brachial Plexus Surgery

Adult Brachial Plexus Injuries: A Historical Perspective.- Part 1 SURGICAL ANATOMY.- Surgical Anatomy of the Brachial Plexus.- Mechanisms of Injury.- Biology of Nerve Injury.- Epidemiology of Adult Traumatic Brachial Plexus Injuries.- Associated Concomitant Injuries.- EVALUATION.- Examination of the Adult Brachial Plexus Patient.- Neurodiagnostic Evalution: EMG and NCS.- Neurodiagnostic Evalution: Intraoperative Monitoring.- Adult Brachial Plexus Injuries: Evaluation-Radiologic Evaluation.- ADULT BRACHIAL PLEXUS INJURIES: DETERMINANTS OF TREATMENT (TIMING, INJURY TYPE, INJURY PATTERN).- Priorities of Treatment and Rationale in Adult BPI.- TREATMENT OPTIONS IN ADULTS Root Grafting in Adult Brachial Plexus Injuries.- Nerve Transfers to Shoulder and Elbow.- Free-Functioning Muscle Transfer.- Tendon Transfers of the Shoulder, Elbow, Wrist and Hand.- Glenohumeral arthrodesis in brachial plexus palsy.- Reconstructive Options for the Thumb Axis in a Brachial Plexus Injury.- Wrist arthrodesis in the adult brachial plexus patient.- SURGICAL APPROACHES.- Supraclavicular Exposure of the Brachial Plexus.- Infraclavicular Exposure of the Brachial Plexus.- Posterior Approach for Spinal Accessory to Suprascapular Nerve.- Surgical Approach: Axillary Posterior.- Anterior Approach for Axillary Nerve Reconstruction.- Upper brachium approach: the "Ulnar-Biceps Median-Brachialis" double nerve transfer.- Intercostal nerve harvest in brachial plexus injuries.- Sural Nerve Harvest.- Contralateral C7 nerve transfer in the Treatment of Adult Brachial plexus Injuries and Spastic Hemiplegia.- The harvest of a free innervated functional gracilis muscle and its use in brachial plexus injuries.- MANAGEMENT OF SPECIFIC INJURY PATTERNS.- Management of C5-6 Injuries.- Management of C5-7 Injuries.-Strategies for Pan Brachial Plexus Reconstruction: The Mayo Clinic Brachial Plexus Team Approach.- Lower type injuries of the brachial plexus (C6-T1, C7-T1 and C8-T1 root involvement).- RESTORATION OF HAND FUNCTION IN PAN PLEXUS INJURY.- Restoration of Hand Function in Pan Plexus Injury - Double Free Functioning Muscle Transfer.-Restoration of hand function in total brachial plexus avulsion injury.- Intercostal nerve transfer for sensory reconstruction of the hand following complete avulsion of the brachial plexus.- Management of Neuropathic Pain Role of Amputation and Prosthetic Fitting.- The Role of Therapy: Pre and Post-Surgery Protocols.- PEDIATRIC BRACHIAL PLEXUS INJURY.- Historical Perspectives.- Mechanism of Injury.- The Biology of Brachial Plexus Birth Injuries.- Epidemiology of Obstetrical Brachial Plexus Injuries.- Associated Concomitant Injuries.- Clinical Examination of the Child with Brachial Plexus Birth Injury.- Operative Brachial Plexus Surgery: Brachial Plexus Birth Injury - Neurodiagnostic Evaluation.- Pediatric Brachial Plexus Injuries: Evaluation-Radiologic Evaluation.- Priorities of Treatment and Rationale (Babies Are Not Small Adults).- Treatment Options in Babies.- Surgical Approaches.- Management of Specific Patterns of Injury-Erbs and Extended Erbs Palsy.- Management of Specific Patterns of Injury-Pan Plexus.- Expected Outcomes.- Late Complications and Treatmen.