1 Introduction.- 1.1 Other Accidents.- 1.2 The Costs.- 1.3 Factual Description.- Notes.- References.- 2 Monitoring and Assessment.- 2.1 A Historical Review.- 2.2 Design of Monitoring Systems.- 2.3 Assessment.- 2.4 Communications.- 2.5 Monitoring Networks and Assessment in Five European Countries.- References.- 3 Health Effects: Potential Long-Term Consequences in Europe.- 3.1 Biological Effects of Radiation.- 3.2 Radiation Protection Principles.- 3.3 Impact of the Chernobyl Accident on Europe's Population.- 3.4 Conclusions.- Addendum.- References.- 4 Agriculture and Trade.- 4.1 Derived Reference Levels for Radioactivity in Foods.- 4.2 Reaction of the European Community.- 4.3 Reactions of Other European Countries.- 4.4 Measures Taken by Non-European Countries.- 4.5 Effects on Trade and Agriculture.- 4.6 Costs of Chernobyl.- 4.7 Lessons to be Learned.- References.- 5 The International Response: Prospects for a Nuclear Safety Regime.- 5.1 International Organizations and Nuclear Safety after TMI.- 5.2 International Response to the Chernobyl Accident.- 5.3 An International Nuclear Safety Regime.- 5.4 Summary.- Notes.- References.- 6 Perception of a Secondhand Reality.- 6.1 Defining Perception.- 6.2 Perception of Chernobyl.- 6.3 Investigating Perception.- 6.4 The Perception of Chernobyl as a "Social Accident".- 6.5 Conclusion.- References.- 7 The Media and Crisis Management.- 7.1 Communication Needs and Government Responses.- 7.2 Common Communications Problems.- 7.3 Discussion and Conclusions.- 7.4 Recommendations.- References.- 8 The Credibility Crisis.- 8.1 Introduction: Something Worse than the Bad News.- 8.2 The Chernobyl Accident as a Human-made Disaster.- 8.3 The Uniqueness of Nuclear Disasters.- 8.4 The Future of a Credibility Crisis.- 8.5 Conclusions.- Note.-References.- Appendix: Concepts, Unit, and Terminology.
