10. 1. 1. 1 The Purpose of Patch Testing Patch testing is a well-established method of diagnosing allergic contact dermatitis, a delayed type of hypersensitivity (type IV reaction). Patients with a history and clinical picture of contact dermatitis are reexposed to the suspected allergens under controlled conditions to verify the diagnosis. Besides testing patients with hand, arm, face or leg eczema (stasis dermatitis), testing of other types of eczema (atopic, seborrhoeic dermatitis, nummular eczema) is sometimes indicated, especially when the dermatologist suspects contact allergy to prescribed topical medicaments and their vehicles. Apart from its use to confirm a suspected allergic contact dermatitis, the patch test procedure can also be used before recommending alternative corti costeroids, skin care products, cosmetics, gloves, etc. in a particular patient. If the patient does not react to the alternatives tested, it is very unlikely that she or he will react to the products in ordinary use. 10. 1. 1.2 Standardization The first patch tests according to present principles were carried out in 1895 [1], but were preceded by some preliminary experiments [2] (see Chap. 1).
Auflage
2nd rev. and enlarged ed.
Sprache
Verlagsort
Verlagsgruppe
Zielgruppe
Für höhere Schule und Studium
Für Beruf und Forschung
Editions-Typ
Illustrationen
122
122 s/w Tabellen
210 colour and b&w illustrations, 122 tables
Maße
Höhe: 23.5 cm
Breite: 15.5 cm
Gewicht
ISBN-13
978-3-540-57943-4 (9783540579434)
DOI
10.1007/978-3-662-03104-9
Schweitzer Klassifikation
1 Historical Aspects.- 2.1 Cellular Mechanisms in Allergic Contact Dermatitis.- 2.2 Cutaneous Irritation.- 2.3 Immediate Contact Reactions.- 2.4 Phototoxic and Photoallergic Reactions.- 3 Histopathological and Immunohistopathological Features of Irritant and Allergic Contact Dermatitis.- 4 Molecular Aspects of Allergic Contact Dermatitis.- 5 Individual Predisposition to Contact Dermatitis.- 6 Epidemiology.- 7 Clinical Features.- 8 Hand Eczema.- 9 Noneczematous Contact Reactions.- 10.1 Patch Testing.- 10.2 Organization of Patch Testing in Office Practice.- 10.3 Spot Tests and Chemical Analyses for Allergen Evaluation.- 10.4 Skin Tests for Immediate Hypersensitivity.- 10.5 Photopatch Testing.- 10.6 In Vitro Testing in Contact Hypersensitivity.- 10.7 Noninvasive Techniques for Quantification of Contact Dermatitis.- 11 Occupational Contact Dermatitis.- 12 Contact Dermatitis in Children.- 13 Allergens from the Standard Series.- 14.1 Cosmetics and Skin Care Products.- 14.2 Topical Drugs.- 14.3 Clothing.- 14.4 Shoes.- 14.5 Pesticides.- 14.6 Plastic Materials.- 14.7 Health Personnel.- 14.8 Plants and Plant Products.- 15 Pigmented Contact Dermatitis and Chemical Depigmentation.- 16 The Management of Contact Dermatitis.- 17 Principles of Prevention and Protection in Contact Dermatitis.- 18 Predictive Assays: Animal and Man, and In Vitro and In Vivo.- 19 International Legal Aspects of Contact Dermatitis.- 20 Computers and Patient Information Systems.- 21 Contact Dermatitis Research Groups.- 22 Patch Test Concentrations and Vehicles for Testing Contact Allergens.
