Nature, validity and construction of the contract. Parties to the contract. Agency. Charterparties. The bill of lading as a contract. Bills of lading for goods on a chartered ship. Terms of the contract. Representations. Performance of contract: Loading. The bill of lading as a document of title. Liability of shipowner for loss of, or damage to, goods carried. Performance of the contract - the voyage. Performance of the contract - unloading. Demurrage. Freight. Time charters. Through bills of lading, Combined transportation, containers. Lien. Damages. The Carriage of Goods by Sea Act 1971. Jurisdiction and limitation of actions. Appendices.