Part 1 Introduction: aims of the study; structure of the report. Part 2 Background: earlier occupational cancer surveillance systems; carcinogenic agents; health habits by social class in Finland; health care in Finland. Part 3 Materials and methods: Census 1970; follow-up for death, person-years at risk; Finnish Cancer Registry; record linkage; cancer risk estimates; output selections; inclusions and exclusions. Part 4 Results: cancers of the mouth and pharynx; cancer of the gastrointestinal tract; cancer of other digestive organs; cancer of the respiratory organs; cancer of the breast; cancer of the female genital organs; cancer of the male genital organs; cancer of the urinary organs; cancer of the skin; cancer of the eye and nervous system; cancer of the endocrine glands; cancer of the bone and connective tissue; cancer at unspecific sites; haematological cancers; cancer at all sites. Part 5 Cancer profiles of selected occupations: physicians; teachers and labourers; tobacco industry workers; economically inactive persons. Part 6 General discussion: quality of the data sources; comparison with other types of study; limits of present study; upper social classes as predictors of future cancer incidence preventability. Part 7 Summary and conclusions: method; findings.