Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia 2023

PART ONE General Survey

Russian and Turkish Involvement in the South Caucasus since 1991

VAHRAM TER-MATEVOSYAN

Climate Change and its Mitigation in Eastern Europe, Russia and the South Caucasus

PAL DUNAJ and AIDA AIDAROVA

Economies of Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia

ANDERS ASLUND

Poverty, Inequality and Social Welfare in Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia

ANN-MARI SAETRE

Politics of Energy in the Caspian Sea Region

SHIRIN AKINER (revised by ROBERT E. LOONEY)

Appendix: The Religions of the Region

PART TWO Country Survey

Sections on geography (with map), history, chronology and economy, as well as statistical surveys, directories and bibliographies for each country.

ARMENIA

History VAHRAM TER-MATEVOSYAN

Economy EDMUND HERZIG (revised by the editorial staff)

AZERBAIJAN

History ERIC LEPISTO

Economy ERIC LEPISTO

Autonomous Republic: Naxcivan

Azerbaijani Secessionist Territory: Nagornyi Karabakh (Artsakh)

BELARUS

History ANDREW RYDER

Economy ANDREW RYDER

GEORGIA

History ELENE MELIKISHVILI (revised by the editorial staff)

Economy ROBERT E. LOONEY

Autonomous Republic: Ajara

Georgian Secessionist Territories: Abkhazia, South Ossetia

KAZAKHSTAN

History ANNA SAVCHENKO (revised by the editorial staff)

Economy SHIRIN AKINER (revised by ROBERT E. LOONEY)

KYRGYZSTAN

History PAYAM FOROUGHI, AIDA AIDAROVA and GALINA KOLODZINSKAIA

Economy PAYAM FOROUGHI and AIDA AIDAROVA

MOLDOVA

History ION MARANDICI

Economy KAMIL CALUS

Autonomous Territory: Gagauzia

Moldovan Secessionist Territory: Transnistria

THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

History RASMUS NILSSON

Economy RICHARD CONNOLLY

Members of the Russian Federation, grouped by: Central Federal Okrug, North-Western Federal Okrug, Southern Federal Okrug, North Caucasus Federal Okrug, Volga Federal Okrug, Urals Federal Okrug, Siberian Federal Okrug, Far Eastern Federal Okrug

TAJIKISTAN

History

Economy

Autonomous Province: Kuhistoni Badakhshon

TURKMENISTAN

History PAYAM FOROUGHI and NICOLE GRAJEWSKI

Economy PAYAM FOROUGHI and NICOLE GRAJEWSKI

UKRAINE

History TARAS KUZIO

Economy TARAS KUZIO

Disputed Territories: The Crimean Peninsula, The Donbas

UZBEKISTAN

History PAYAM FOROUGHI

Economy PAYAM FOROUGHI

Sovereign Republic: Qoraqalpog'iston

PART THREE Who's Who of Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia

PART FOUR Regional Information

REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

RESEARCH INSTITUTES

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY (BOOKS)

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY (PERIODICALS)