SEAL THE DEAL: Current methods of caries excavation and management

Less invasive excavation methods have been suggested for deep caries lesions. Various treatment concepts have been suggested to solve the deep carious lesion dilemma. Recent systematic reviews are presented. Their conclusions are based on very few studies, and the main message is that optimal randomized clinical studies are lacking. Observational studies on indirect pulp treatment and stepwise excavation demonstrate that these treatments avoid pulp exposures, but it cannot be said which approach is best. A less invasive modified stepwise excavation approach is described, this book focusing on changing on active lesion into on arrested lesion even without performing an excavation close to the pulp.