The science of professional hair care. Science of living things. The skin. Hair, its functions and related structures. The structure of the hair. The nature of hair protein. Requirements and properties of hair. Characteristics of hair. Variations of hair and skin. Effects of hair service operations. Basic principles of cosmetic chemistry. Shampoo and its chemistry. Curling and waving of hair. Permanent waving. Timing the alkaliune permanent wave process. Problems in permanent waving. Chemical hair straighteners or relaxers. Hair colouring. Methods of lightening. Methods of hair colouring. Cross index. Glossary.