Transportation Tunnels, 2nd Edition provides a comprehensive text on tunneling and tunnel engineering applicable in general to all types of tunnels, with more detailed information on highway and railway tunnels. While the First Edition of the book was confined to deal with railway and highway tunnels, the Second Edition is also extensively considering the latest trends in use of tunnels in different other fields. The book has been revised to provide coverage of water conveyance, navigation and material conveyance tunnels also and deals with these subjects in more detail.
It covers all aspects of investigation, design, construction, monitoring and maintenance of tunnels. Special emphasis has been laid on the geotechnical investigations, interpretation of findings and relating the same to the design as well as the construction of tunnels. The book reflects the advancements in the knowledge of ground behaviour and rock mechanics and also in construction technology, including use of TBM in the last two decades.
It covers in sufficient detail the basic requirements of tunnel profile, the geometric parameters, clearance requirements, aerodynamics, and cost economics in fixing alignments with different design parameters like curvature, gradient and operational requirements. It discusses in detail alternative forms of the cross section / profile and illustrates design methodology with examples.
The different methodologies that have been used in the past using timber or steel supports by stage wise expansion of cross sections and modern methodologies used for boring full profile using new tunneling methods and Tunnel Boring Machines are also comprehensively discussed.
Requirements of tunnels in respect of ventilation, lighting and drainage are adequately covered. Separate chapters have been included on 'Instrumentation' and 'Tunnel Inspection and Maintenance'.
The expanded text on the use and advantages of methodologies and equipment for dealing with various aspects of construction of tunnels is based on observations through site visits, discussions with, and experiences of people as recorded on large number of tunneling works which have been taken up recently for railways, highways and urban transport subway projects.
The book can serve as a textbook for undergraduate and graduate students and as a reference book for practicing engineers.
Auflage
Sprache
Verlagsort
Verlagsgruppe
Zielgruppe
Für höhere Schule und Studium
Postgraduate, Professional, and Professional Practice & Development
Maße
Höhe: 254 mm
Breite: 178 mm
Gewicht
ISBN-13
978-1-138-02981-1 (9781138029811)
Copyright in bibliographic data and cover images is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or by the publishers or by their respective licensors: all rights reserved.
Schweitzer Klassifikation
S. Ponnuswamy had worked for 34 years on The Indian and Nigerian Railways in different capacities as a civil engineer and in senior managerial positions, during which period he was responsible for design, planning, construction and maintenance of basic infrastructure for railways including major bridges and tunnels. Subsequently he has been providing consultancy services on urban transportation systems and infrastructure projects. He had also been teaching the subjects as a Guest Faculty on the subject in some major technical institutions in South India. He has written four books including one on Railway Transportation.
D. Johnson Victor, former Professor in civil engineering and Head of the Transportation Division of the Indian Institute of Technology in Madras, Chennai and was considered an authority on transportation systems planning and design, specially of transportation structures in India. He had widely travelled in India and abroad providing advice and consultancy services and has presented over 75 papers in national and international conferences on the subjects. He has authored four technical books including one on Bridge Engineering, which is a popular text book in Indian technical institutions.
Autor*in
Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, India
Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, India
Foreword iii
Preface to Second Edition v
Preface to First Edition vii
1. Introduction 1
1.1 General 1
1.2 Classification 2
1.3 Traffic/ Vehicular Tunnels 2
1.4 Conveyance Tunnels 6
1.5 Railway Tunnels in India 6
1.6 Scope of This Book 7
1.7 Definitions 7
1.8 References 9
2. Route Selection and Preliminary Investigations 10
2.1 Route Selection 10
2.2 Geometrical Parameters 14
2.3 Parameters For Highway Tunnels 16
2.4 Investigations 16
2.5 Geological Investigations 19
2.6 Hydrological Investigations 34
2.7 Gases and Rock Temperatures 34
2.8 Rock Temperature 37
2.9 References 38
3. Tunnel Requirements 39
3.1 General 39
3.2 Operational Requirements 39
3.3 Structural Requirements 44
3.4 Construction And Maintenance 48
3.5 Canal/Navigation Tunnels 49
3.6 Additional Requirements in Water Conveyance Tunnels 51
3.7 References 53
4. Design of Tunnels 54
4.1 General 54
4.2 Alignment 54
4.3 Gradient 55
4.4 Curvature 57
4.5 Determination of Cross-section 59
4.6 Geometric Shape Of Tunnel 61
4.7 Rock Pressure2 67
4.8 Design of Tunnel Lining 75
4.9 Design Practice of Indian Railway Tunnels 77
4.10 Modeling Approach to Design 79
4.11 References 82
5. Survey and Setting Out 107
5.1 General 107
5.2 Setting out on Surface 108
5.3 Use of Electronic Distance Measurements 113
5.4 Levelling 114
5.5 Setting out Inside of Tunnels 115
5.6 Transfer of Alignment Below G.l. at Intermediate Station 116
5.7 Setting out Curves 120
5.8 Setting out Line Through Compressed Airlock 122
5.9 Case Study: D.B.K Railline Tunnels 124
5.10 References 126
6. Tunnelling Operations 127
6.1 General 127
6.2 Preliminary Work 127
6.3 Tunnelling Methodologies 128
6.4 Tunnelling In Rock 131
6.5 Tunnel Supports 132
6.6 Tunnelling in Soft Rock and Soils 137
6.7 Excavation and Advancing Face 142
6.8 Soft-ground Tunnelling 147
6.9 Shield Tunnelling 151
6.10 Case Studies 158
6.11 References 163
7. Drilling, Blasting and Mucking 179
7.1 General 179
7.2 The Round 180
7.3 Drilling 180
7.4 Explosives 184
7.5 Drilling Operations 187
7.6 Safety 190
7.7 Rock Mass Characteritics and Alternate Strategies 194
7.8 Mucking Procedure 203
7.9 Tunnelling Machinery 210
7.10 Recent Developments in Drilling and Blasting 217
7.11 Problems in Tunnelling 220
7.12 References 223
8. Metro Tunnels 251
8.1 Introduction 251
8.2 Route Selection and Construction Methodology 252
8.3 Alignment and Track Design 254
8.4 Vertical Profile 255
8.5 Cover/Over Burden 255
8.6 Investigations 256
8.7 Cut-and-cover Construction 258
8.8 Construction Joints and Waterproofing 269
8.9 Shield Tunneling and use of Tunnel boring Machines 270
8.10 Design of Structure 272
8.11 Subaqueous Tunnels 273
8.12 Case Study-Chennai Metro Rail 275
8.13 References 281
9. Lining 282
9.1 General Requirements 282
9.2 Timing Placement of Lining 285
9.3 Sequence of Lining Operation 287
9.4 Formwork 287
9.5 Concreting 290
9.6 Compaction 294
9.7 Curing 294
9.8 Segmental Lining 294
9.9 References 297
10. Ventilation, Lighting and Drainage 298
10.1 Ventilation 298
10.2 Vehicle Emissions 300
10.3 Vehicle Emission Rates 303
10.4 Methods of Ventilation 304
10.5 Case Studies 310
10.6 Lighting 315
10.7 Drainage 319
10.8 Niches and Refuges 320
10.9 References 321
11. Instrumentation in Tunnelling 322
11.1 Necessity For Instrumentation. 322
11.2 Ground Movement Studies 323
11.3 Measurement and Monitoring Impact on Buildings/ Structures 330
11.4 Structural Monitoring 332
11.5 Location of Measuring Instruments 335
11.6 References 338
12. Inspection and Maintenance of Tunnels 339
12.1 General 339
12.2 Types of Inspection 341
12.3 Inspection Coverage and Documentation 343
12.4 Maintenance, Repairs And Rehabilitation 347
12.5 Practice Elsewhere 350
12.6 Recent Developments 351
12.7 References 354
Abbreviations 355
Bibliography 357
Index 361
About the Authors 367
