HP-UX 11i Systems Administration Handbook and Toolkit

Preface. About the Book. Relevant URLs. Manual Pages Supplied with this Book. Acknowledgments. Duane Zitzner. The Author -- Marty Poniatowski. Greg Powell. Donna Kelly. Elizabeth Zinkann. Brian Hackley. Corey Dow. Pat Kilfoyle. Steven M. Wolff. Norbert H. Vicente. Permissions. Reviewers. Conventions Used in this Book. Section 1 - HP-UX System Administration. 1. Booting (PDC, ISL, hpux), Secure Web Console, GSP Configuration, Virtual Partition Booting. Background. Boot Process Overview. Boot Console Handler (BCH) & Processor Dependent Code (PDC). PDC Commands. Initial System Loader. HPUX Secondary System Loader (hpux). Consoles. Secure Web Console. Connecting and Configuring the Secure Web Console. Configuring the Guardian Service Processor (GSP). Virtual Partition Boot Process Overview. Virtual Partition Boot States. setboot Command and vPars. Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI). Manual Pages for Commands Used in Chapter 1. 2. Installing HP-UX. Topics Covered in this Chapter. Background on HP-UX 11i Operating Environments. Install HP-UX 11i Operating Environment. Boot System and "Advanced Installation" . Set System Parameters after Boot. Software Distributor Example. Loading Patches. Software Distributor Background. Installing and Updating Software (Command Line or GUI). Copying Software to a Depot (Command Line or GUI). Removing Software from a System (Command Line or GUI). List Information about Installation Software. Configure Installed Software. Verify Software. Package Software That Can Later Be Installed (Local Sys Only). Control Access to Software Distributor Objects. Modify Information about Loaded Software (Local System Only). Register or Unregister a Depot. Manage Jobs (Command Line or GUI, this is SD-OV only). Listing Software. Manual Pages for Commands Used in Chapter 2. 3. Logical Volume Manager and Veritas Volume Manager. Introduction. Veritas Volume Manager. Logical Volume Manager Background. Logical Volume Manager Terms. Disk Mirroring. Logical Volume Manager Commands. Physical Volume Commands. Volume Group Commands. Logical Volume Commands. JFS and OnlineJFS Commands. Commonly Used LVM Procedures. Adding Disks. Reconfiguring Some Disks -- An Example of Using Some Logical Volume. Commands. Why Change? Optional Procedure to Exchange Dump Priorities. HP VERITAS Volume Manager. HP VERITAS Volume Manager Setup. Volume Manager Storage Administrator. HP VERITAS Volume Manager Mirroring and Striping. Some Additional File System-Related Commands. Viewing File Systems with bdf. File System Maintenance with fsck. Initialize with mediainit. 4. Building an HP-UX Kernel. Modify and Build an HP-UX Kernel. Building a Kernel. Kcweb. 5. Devices. Background on Device Files and Peripherals. Device Files in HP-UX 11i. An Example of Adding a Peripheral. Device Files in Cell-Based Systems. 6. Backup. Built-In Backup Programs. Tar. Cpio. fbackup and frecover. Dd. dump and restore. Backup of Virtual Partitions. Backup to a Tape Drive on the Local Virtual Partition. Backup to a Tape Drive on a Different Local Virtual Partition. Introduction. 7. System Startup and Shutdown Scripts. System Startup and Shutdown Scripts. System Shutdown. System Startup and Shutdown Scripts in Virtual Partitions. Application Startup in Virtual Partitions. Virtual Partition Startup. Manual Pages for Commands Used in Chapter 7. 8. Users and Groups. Set Up Users and Groups. Assigning Users to Groups. Virtual Partitions and Users. Individual User Setup. Application Users. NIS for Managing Users. What Does NIS Manage? How Do I Plan For NIS? How Do I Configure an NIS Master Or Slave Server? How Do I Configure an NIS Client? How Do I Maintain My NIS Environment? 9. Ignite-UX. Ignite-UX Overview. Set up Server with Depots and Install Clients. Run Ignite-UX GUI. System Recovery with Ignite-UX. System Recovery to Local Tape Drive with make_tape_recovery. Creating Bootable Recovery Archives with make_net_recovery. Using Ignite-UX GUI to Create a vPar Archive. Virtual Partition Recovery. 10. System Administration Manager (SAM) and ServiceControl Manager (SCM). SAM and SCM. SAM Overview. Running and Using SAM as Superuser. Author's Disclaimer - SAM is a Moving Target. Running Restricted SAM Builder. Accounts for Users and Groups. Adding a User. Adding a Group. Auditing and Security. Audited Events and Audited System Calls. Audited Users. Authenticated Commands. System Security Policies. Backup and Recovery. Scheduling a Backup. Interactive Backup and Recovery. Performing a Restore. Clusters. Disks and File Systems. Disk Devices. File Systems. Logical Volumes. Swap. Volume Groups. Display. Kernel Configuration (see Chapter 4 for kcweb). Configurable Parameters. Drivers. Dump Devices. Subsystems. Networking and Communications. Bootable Devices. DNS (BIND). Hosts. NIS. NIS+. Name Service Switch. Network Interface Cards. Network Services. Network File Systems. System Access. Partition Manager. Performance Monitors. Disk and Terminal Activity. GlancePlus. Inter-Process Communication Facility Status. Processes with Highest CPU Usage. System Activity. System Properties. Virtual Memory Activity. Peripheral Devices. Cards. Device List. Tape Drives. Terminals and Modems. Uninterruptable Power Supplies. Printers and Plotters. Print Requests. Printers and Plotters. Save/Restore Spooler Configuration. Process Management. Process Control. Scheduling Cron Jobs. Routine Tasks. Backup and Recovery. Selective File Removal. System Log Files. System Shutdown. Run SAM on Remote Systems. Software Management. Time. NFS Diskless Concepts. ServiceControl Manager (SCM) Overview. Manual Pages for Commands Used in Chapter 10. 11. Introduction to UNIX Performance Tools. Introduction. Standard UNIX Commands. I/O and CPU Statistics with iostat. Virtual Memory Statistics with vmstat. Network Statistics with netstat. Check Processes with ps. Killing a Process. Signals. Show Remote Mounts with showmount. Show System Swap. sar: The System Activity Reporter. timex to Analyze a Command. More Advanced and Graphical Performance Tools. HP GlancePlus/UX. Process List Description. CPU Report Screen Description. Memory Report Screen Description. Disk Report Screen Description. GlancePlus Summary. Using OpenView Performance Agent to Identify Bottlenecks. HP OpenView Performance Agent and HP OpenView Performance Analyzer/UX. Manual Pages for Commands Used in Chapter 11. 12. Networking Background. An Overview of IEEE802.3, TCP/IP. Physical Layer. Link Layer. Network Layer. Transport Layer. Internet Protocol (IP) Addressing and Subnet Mask. Subnet Mask. 13. Configuring and Using Networking. Configuring Networking and LAN Adapters. Identify LAN Cards in System. Use set_parms to Configure First LAN Interface. Manually Configure Second LAN Interface. Commonly Used Networking Commands. Netstat. Route. Ifconfig. Rpcinfo. Arp. Lanadmin. nslookup and nsquery. Ndd. Using Networking. Internet Services ARPA (Communication among Systems w/ Different OS). Internet Services Berkeley (Communication between UNIX Systems). Host Name Mapping. /etc/hosts. /etc/hosts.equiv. /.rhosts. Set Up DNS Servers Using BIND 8.1.2 and 9.2 on HP-UX 11i. A Word on Slave (Secondary) Name Servers. A Word On Cache-Only Nameservers. A Final Word on Name Server Setup. Network File System (NFS). Example NFS Configuration. Manual Pages for Commands Used in Chapter 12. 14. Common Desktop Environment (CDE) and GNOME. Introduction. Why a Graphical User Interface (GUI)? CDE Basics. CDE on AIX and HP-UX. CDE on Solaris. Customizing CDE. Making Changes Using Style Manager. Backdrop and Colors. Adding Objects to or Removing Objects from the Front Panel. Changing the Front Panel in Other Ways. Modifying Things in Slide-up Subpanels. Front Panel Animation. Adding Items to the Workspace Menu. Creating Control Buttons, Actions, and File Types. Using Different Fonts. Changing the Login Messages. Changing the Login Picture. CDE -- Advanced Topics. The X Window System. Motif. CDE. X, Motif, and CDE Configuration Files. X Configuration Files. Motif Configuration Files. CDE Configuration Files. CDE Configuration File Locations. How Configuration Files Play Together. Specifying Appearance and Behavior. The Sequence of Events When CDE Starts. CDE and Performance. Tactics for Better Performance. Font Paths. CDE and Virtual Partitions. Custom Greeting for Different Virtual Partitions. Menu Picks for Virtual Partitions. GNOME. 15. CIFS/9000 and Samba. CIFS/9000 Overview. Installing CIFS/9000. Configuring CIFS/9000. Map a Network Drive. Samba Overview. smb.conf Setup. User Setup. Samba Startup. Mapping a Windows Drive to a Linux Directory. Mounting a Windows Drive on a Linux System. Log Files. Additional Samba Topics. Samba Web Configuration Tool (SWAT). Samba Utilities and Programs. Obtaining Samba. Section 2 -- HP-UX Partitions. 16. Virtual Partitions (vPars). Introduction. About Virtual Partitions. Virtual Partitions Background. Uses of Virtual Partitions. Preparing to Create Virtual Partitions. Loading the Software Required for Virtual Partitions. Virtual Partitions Command Summary. Steps to Create Virtual Partitions. 1) Load HP-UX 11i. 2) Load the Virtual Partitions Application Software. 3) Gather the System Component and Hardware Paths. 4) List the Components of the Virtual Partitions. 5) Virtual Partition Kernel-Related Work. 6) Create the First Virtual Partition. 7) Boot the First Virtual Partition. 8) Create the Second Virtual Partition. 9) Boot the Second Virtual Partition. 10) Modify the Virtual Partition. Virtual Partition Dump Files. Summary. vparmgr GUI. Manual Pages for Commands Used in Chapter 16. 17. nPartitions Overview. Introduction to nPartitions. Cells and nPartitions. Ways of Managing nPartitions. HP-UX nPartition Commands. Modifying and Creating an nPartition. Partition Manager (parmgr). Management Processor nPartition Commands. The Boot Process Boot Console Handler (BCH) Commands. 18. HP Process Resource Manager (PRM) PRM andWLMOverview. PRM Software. Working with PRM. Manual (non-GUI) Setup of PRM With Resource Caps. PRM Setup With xprm. PRM and Oracle Setup. 19. MC/ServiceGuard. About MC/ServiceGuard. MC/ServiceGuard Background. A Simple Example. Setup a Shared Volume Group. Create an MC/ServiceGuard Cluster. Create a Highly Available Package. Section 3 -- UNIX Background. 20. UNIX File System Introduction - File System Layout, file and ls Commands. The Basis of UNIX. File Types. Text Files. Data Files. Source Code Files. Executable Files. Shell Programs. Links. Device Files. The file Command. The ls Command. Ls. ls -a. ls -l. ls -i. ls -p. ls -R. ls Summary. File System Layout. Linux File System Layout. 21. Working with Files and Directories -- Permissions, Commands, File Name Expansion, andWild Cards. Introduction. Permissions. Absolute and Relative Path Names. File Name Expansion and Wild Cards. pwd and cd. Chmod. Cp. Mv. Mkdir. Rm. Rmdir. Using Commands. Using the cd, pwd, ls, mkdir, and cp Commands. Using the mv Command. Down and Dirty with the rm and rmdir Commands. 22. Viewing Files -- Redirection, cat, more, pg, head, and tail Commands. First Things First. Redirection. Viewing Files with cat, more, pg, head, and tail. 23. UNIX Tools -- split, wc, sort, cmp, diff, comm, dircmp, cut, paste, join, and tr. Not All Commands on All UNIX Variants. split. wc. sort. cmp, diff, and comm. dircmp. cut. paste. tr. 24. Advanced UNIX Tools -- Regular Expressions, sed, awk, and grep. Three Commands. Regular Expression Words-of-Caution. Expressions Are Strings and Wildcards. sed. awk. grep. Manual Pages for Commands Used in Chapter 24. 25. find Command. find Overview. Finding Files of a Specific Type. Find Empty Files and Directories. Finding Files By Name, Size, and Both Name and Size. Finding Files By Owner, Type, and Permissions. Finding Long Unaccessed Files and Running Commands on Found Files. Find Summary. Manual Pages for Commands Used in Chapter 25. 26. The vi Editor. The vi Editor. Regular Expression Words-of-Caution. Expressions Are Strings and Wildcards. Modes and Notations. Starting a vi Session. Cursor Control Commands. Adding Text in vi. Deleting Text in vi. Changing Text in vi. Search and Replace in vi. Copying Text in vi. Undo and Repeat in vi. Save Text and Exit vi. Options in vi. Status in vi. Section Positioning and Placing Marks in Text. Joining Lines in vi. Cursor Placement and Adjusting the Screen. Shell Escape Commands. Macros and Abbreviations. Indenting Text. Shell Filters. Pattern Matching. 27. Introduction to the KornShell, C Shell, and Bash. Different Shells. Introduction to KornShell. Startup Files. The History File, .sh_history. Recalling from the History List. Re-executing Commands with r. Fetching Commands Using vi Directives. Editing on the Command Line Using vi Directives. Aliases in KornShell. Command and Path Completion. File Name Expansion. Redirection (I/O Redirection). Environment Variables. Background Jobs and Job Control. umask and Permissions. Change File Permissions with chmod. Introduction to the C Shell. Issuing Commands. The .cshrc File. The .login File. Initialize History List in .cshrc. Command-Line History. Re-Executing Commands from the History List. Aliases in .cshrc. Introduction to Bash. Issuing Commands. Initializing the History List in .bashrc. Recalling from the History List. Editing on the Command Line. Aliases in .bashrc. Command and Path Completion. 28 Introduction to Shell Programming. Shell Programming. Steps to Create Shell Programs. ksh Programming. Shell Variables. Command Substitution. Reading User Input. Arguments to Shell Programs. Testing and Branching. Making Decisions with the case Statement. Looping. The while Loop. Shell Functions. awk in Shell Programs. An HP-UX Logical Volume Manager Shell Program. C Shell Programming. Command Substitution. Reading User Input. Testing and Branching. Looping. Decision Making with switch. Debugging C Shell Programs. How Long Does It Take? Appendix A. Select HP-UX OnlineManual Pages. Manual Pages for Commands. awk. boot. crontab. Find. grep. hpux. ifconfig. ignite. inittab. iostat. isl. netstat. pdc. ps. sed. shutdown. "sw" command summaries. Top. Vmstat. Appendix B. Virtual Partitions Online Manual Pages. Man Pages. vparboot. vparcreate. vparmodify. vparremove. vparreset. vparresources. vparstatus. vpartition. Index.