Cardiovascular changes with advancing age in healthy humans; clinical and pathological characteristics of congestive heart failure in the eldery; cardiovascular surgery for elderly patients with ischaemic heart disease; effects of interventional therapy on the outcome of acute myocardial infarction in the elderly - a multicentre collaborative study in Japan; cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the elderly - beneficial or detrimental?; bradycardia-induced atrial and ventricular fibrillation in elderly patients; valve surgery in the elderly; short- and long-term benefits from treatment of dyslipidemia; risk factors of cardiocerebrovascular diseases in elderly diabetic patients - challenge for cholestrol-lowering therapy; treating the elderly hypertensive patient; treatment of hypertension in the elderly in Japan; cerebrovascular disease in the elderly - precursors and prevention; changes in stroke incidence, mortality and risk factors - the Hisayama study.