Transvaginal sonography - applications, technique and equipment; the uterus, cervix and endometrium; benign conditions; infertility and reproductive assistance; normal early intrauterine pregnancy - sonographic development and HCG correlation; threatened abortion and abnormal first trimester intrauterine pregnancy; sonoembryography; foetal anomalies; translabial and transvaginal ultrasound of the cervix; the ovaries - benign conditions; the fallopian tube/pelvic inflammatory disease; the postmenopausal pelvis; gynaecologic oncology; screening for ovarian and uternine carcinoma; Doppler and colour flow imaging; nongynaecologic applications; urinary incontinence; transvaginal sonographic-guided procedures.