Part 1. Some Factors Influencing the Nature of the System. Introduction (B. Nestel). Animals in relation to land use (M.H. Butterworth). Livestock populations and factors affecting them (R.S. Temple, I. Reh). Health control in relation to livestock production (P.R. Ellis). The marketing system - a dynamic force in livestock production (H.J. Mittendorf, W. Krostitz). The education of livestock producers and agents of change in the use of new technology (P. Mahadevan). 2. Animal Production Systems in Different Regions. Regional systems of production (B. Nestel). The Middle East and Pakistan (D.E. Faulkner). Arid Africa (D.J. Pratt). India (B. Nestel). Southeast Asia and Japan (B. Nestel, L.S. Castillo). Humid Africa (V. Oyenuga, B. Nestel). South America (F.J. Peritz). Central America, Mexico and the Antilles (J. de Alba). Eastern Europe (M. Adamowicz). The USA and Canada (R.E. Hodgson). Western Europe (C. Thomsen). Australia, New Zealand and South Africa (L. Peel). 3. Some Cases of Recent Changes in Production Systems. Strategies for development (B. Nestel). The poultry industry of the Middle East (H.F. El-Issawi). The dairy industry of Israel (Y. Kislev, M. Meisels, S. Amir). The development of a livestock system in a newly reclaimed polder in The Netherlands (W.J. Joosten, E.G. Kloosterman). Buffalo milk production and socio-economic change in Anand, India (B. Nestel). The Ankole-Masaka cattle ranching project in south western Uganda (H.S.K. Nsubuga). New grasses and legumes in tropical Australia (R.L. Burt). The stratification of the beef industry in Kenya (M.J. Creek). New approaches to animal nutrition in the tropics (T.R. Preston). 4. A Look Into the Future. New horizons in animal production (C.R.W. Spedding). Subject Index.