The development of mineralogy, the evolutionary changes in compre hending the mineral substance of the earth are closely associated with the progress of research methods. Over a space of more than two and half centuries, from the goniometry of the mineral crystals to microscopic petrography and optical mineralogy, to crystal structure determinations, electron micros copy and electron diffraction and finally investigations into their electri cal, magnetic and mechanical properties, all this has led to the formation of the existing system of mineralogy, its notions, theories and to a proper description of minerals. However, no matter how great the variety of methods employed in mineralogy, they all come to a few aspects of substance characteristics. These are methods of determining the composition, structure and proper ties of the minerals. Thus the X-ray micro analyzer, the atom-absorption, neutron-activation, chromatographic and other analyses open up new opportunities for determining nothing else but the elementary com position of minerals.
Auflage
Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1979
Sprache
Verlagsort
Verlagsgruppe
Zielgruppe
Für Beruf und Forschung
Research
Illustrationen
Maße
Höhe: 244 mm
Breite: 156 mm
Dicke: 21 mm
Gewicht
ISBN-13
978-3-642-67114-2 (9783642671142)
DOI
10.1007/978-3-642-67112-8
Schweitzer Klassifikation
1 Mössbauer (Nuclear Gamma-Resonance) Spectroscopy.- 1.1 Basic Principles and Experimental Arrangement.- 1.2 Mössbauers Nuclei.- 1.3 The Mössbauer Spectra Parameters.- 1.4 The Mössbauer Spectra of Minerals.- 2 X-Ray and X-Ray Electron Spectroscopy.- 2.1 Basic Concepts.- 2.2 Application of X-Ray and X-Ray Electron Spectroscopy to Study of Chemical Bonding in Minerals.- 3 Electron Paramagnetic Resonance.- 3.1 The Substance of the Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Phenomenon.- 3.2 Physical Meaning of the EPR Spectra Parameters.- 3.3 Investigation of Minerals by EPR Spectra.- 4 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance (NQR).- 4.1 The Principle of the Phenomenon and Types of Interaction in NMR.- 4.2 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in Minerals.- 4.3 Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance.- 5 Luminescence.- 5.1 Major Steps in the Development and the Present-Day State.- 5.2 General Concepts, Elementary Processes, Parameters.- 5.3 Types of Luminescent Systems in Minerals.- 6 Thermoluminescence.- 6.1 Mechanism and Parameters of Thermoluminescence.- 6.2 Experimental Data, Their Interpretation and Application in Geology.- 7 Radiation Electron-Hole Centers (Free Radicals) in Minerals.- 7.1 Basic Principles and Methods.- 7.2 Description of the Centers.- 7.3 Models of Centers in Minerals.- 7.4 Electron-Hole Centers in Alkali Halide Crystals.- References.
