In 1977 a Philips Tomoscan 200, second generation, whole body CT scanner was installed at the Department of Radiodiagnosis of the University Hospital of Utrecht (The Netherlands) and its new possibilities concerning the measurements of bone mineral content (BMC) had been considered. As a result of the close cooperation between the Clinical Research Group for Bone Metabolism and the Department of Radiodiagnosis of the University Hospital of Utrecht a new project was started. The aim of a pilot study was to investigate the application of CT scanning in BMC determination in comparison with existing parameters such as histovolumetric measurements in transiliac bone biopsy specimens, morphometric measurements in hand X-ray films and other methods. In 1979 a Philips Tomoscan 300, third generation CT scanner became available. With this new scanner many problems of the Tomoscan 200 seemed to be solved. An examination protocol was designed with a standardized method for CT mea surements and a follow-up study was started. On account of the availability and the participation of a number of patients it became possible to realize this study. The results made it possible to draw conclusions concerning CT densitometry, with an impact on the management of the osteoporotic patient. A new dimension is added to the diagnostic procedures concerning osteoporosis and to the methods for measuring the effect of therapeutic regimes. Our aim is to offer the reader insight in the possibilities and limitations of this technique, compared with other parameters in BMC determination.
Reihe
Auflage
Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1984
Sprache
Verlagsort
Zielgruppe
Illustrationen
17
17 s/w Abbildungen
17 Illustrations, black and white; 122 p. 17 illus.
Maße
Höhe: 28 cm
Breite: 21.6 cm
ISBN-13
978-94-010-9003-2 (9789401090032)
DOI
10.1007/978-94-009-5672-8
Schweitzer Klassifikation
1. Introduction.- 2. Bone anatomy, physiology and pathology.- Bone anatomy.- Physiology of bone.- Pathology of bone.- 3. Review of literature concerning BMC determination.- Conventional methods.- Photon absorptiometry.- Computed tomography.- Summary.- 4. Methods in CT densitometry.- Principles of CT scanning.- The Philips Tomoscan 300.- Performance of CT densitometry.- 5. Problems and errors.- Device-dependent problems.- Patient-dependent problems.- Personnel-dependent problems.- 6. Phantom studies.- Reliability of the method.- Determination of accuracy and precision.- Translation of HU in terms of BMC.- Dosimetry.- 7. The spine in osteoporosis.- Discussion on osteoporotic changes in general.- Frequency of vertebral collapse.- 8. Methods and material.- Methods.- Material.- 9. Results.- Comments.- 10. Assessment of hypothetically normal values.- 11. Correlation between CT densitometry and other measurements of BMC.- Correlation between CT densitometry and spine score determinations.- Correlation between CT densitometry and metacarpal index estimation.- Correlation between CT densitometry and histologic densitometry.- Comments.- 12. CT densitometry as a prediction for vertebral fractures.- 13. Correlation between mean CT density values in different vertebrae.- 14. The effects of sodium fluoride therapy.- The effect of sodium fluoride therapy measured by CT.- The effect of sodium fluoride therapy measured by histomorphometry.- 15. Management of the patient with osteoporosis.- Complaints.- History taking.- Physical examination.- Diagnostic considerations.- Laboratory examinations.- Orientation on calcium and bone metabolism.- Roentgen diagnosis.- Bone biopsy.- Treatment.- Risks of the therapy.- 16. Summary and conclusions.- Questions.- Conclusions.- References.- Index of subjects.
