Foreword to Ed. 3 ; Introduction ; Section 1. Properties of Neuroglial Cells ; Evolution of glial cells: insights from invertebrate glia ; 1 Evolution of glial cells, Christian Klambt ; 2 Invertebrate glia, Marc R. Freeman ; 3 Non-mammalian, vertebrate glia, Bruce Appel ; Morphology, Ultrastructure and Identification ; 4 ASTROCYTES AND EPENDYMAL GLIA, Andreas Reichenbach and Hartwig Wolburg ; 5 Radial glial cells, Magdalena Gotz ; 6 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF OLIGODENDROCYTES, Arthur M. Butt ; 7 Schwann cells and myelin, by Rudolf Martini and Agnes Patzko ; 8 Microglial Cells, Wolfgang J. Streit ; 9 Pericytes of the central nervous system, Martin Krueger and Ingo Bechmann ; 10 NG2 Cells (Polydendrocytes), Akiko Nishiyama ; 11 Glial Cells in autonomic and sensory ganglia, Menachem Hanani and David C. Spray ; Lineage and development ; 12 Astrocyte Development, James E. Goldman ; 13 Lineage and development: Oligodendrocytes, Katsuhiko Ono and Kazuhiro Ikenaka ; 14 THE SCHWANN CELL LINEAGE: CELLULAR TRANSITIONS DURING DEVELOPMENT AND AFTER INJURY, Kristjan R.Jessen and Rhona Mirsky ; 15 MICROGLIA LINEAGE AND DEVELOPMENT, Marco Prinz ; Physiological Properties ; 16 Physiology of astrocytes: Ion channels and ion transporters, Christian Steinhauser, Gerald Seifert, and Joachim W. Deitmer ; 17 Release of gliotransmitters and transmitter receptors in astrocytes, Helmut Kettenmann and Robert Zorec ; 18 Storage and release of non-transmitter signaling molecules from macroglia, OLIVER VON BOHLEN UND HALBACH AND KLAUS UNSICKER ; 19 Physiology of microglia, Mami Noda & Alexei Verkhratsky ; 20 Physiology of Oligodendrocytes, Vittorio Gallo and Jean-Marie Mangin ; 21 Physiological Properties of NG2+ Glial Cells, Dwight E. Bergles ; 22 Cytokine, chemokine and growth factor receptors and signaling, H.W.G.M. Boddeke, B.J.L. Eggen, and K.P.H. Biber ; 23 Lipids, lipid mediators and other signaling molecules, Hideki Hayashi ; 24 Gap Junctions and Hemichannels, Bruce R. Ransom and Christian Giaume ; 25 Purinergic Mechanisms in Glial Cells, Margaret S. Ho and Shumin Duan ; 26 Calcium signalling in neuroglia, Alexei Verkhratsky & Vladimir Parpura ; 27 The Central Role of Astrocytes in Neuroenergetics, Pierre J. Magistretti and Luc Pellerin ; Genomic Profiles ; 28 The Astrocyte Transcriptome, Ditte Lovatt and Maiken Nedergaard ; 29 Gene expression patterns of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and oligodendroglia, Fraser J. Sim and Steven A. Goldman ; Section 2. Functions of Neuroglial Cells ; Astrocytes ; 30 Outer Subventricular Zone Radial Glial Cells, Xiaoqun Wang and Arnold R. Kriegstein ; 31 Glial control of synaptogenesis, Nicola J. Allen ; 32 Neuron Migration and Axon Guidance, Andreas Faissner ; 33 The Role of Glia in the Formation and Function of the Blood-Brain Barrier, Istvan Krizbai, Imola Wilhelm, Hans-Christian Bauer and Hannelore Bauer ; 34 Control of the extracellular ionic environment and volume, Eva Sykova ; 35 Amino Acid Neurotransmitter Synthesis and Removal, Arne Schousboe, Lasse K. Bak, Karsten K. Madsen and Helle S. Waagepetersen ; 36 Glycogen and Energy Metabolism, Angus Brown ; 37 Astrocyte regulation of neurovascular control, Clare Howarth, Grant R.J. Gordon and Brian A. MacVicar ; 38 Modulation of synaptic function and network activity, Andrea Volterra ; 39 Astrocytic modulation of mammalian synapses circuits and behaviors, Michael M. Halassa and Philip G. Haydon ; 40 Adult neurogenesis, Gerd Kempermann ; 41 Modulation of neuroendocrine systems, Stephane H. R. Oliet ; Oligodendrocytes/Schwann cells ; 42 Myelin, Impulse Conduction, and the Pathophysiology of Demyelination, Lakshmi Bangalore and Stephen G. Waxman ; 43 Transcription factors in myelinating cells, Michael Wegner ; 44 Factors controlling myelin formation , Ruth Stassart, Sandra Goebbels, Klaus-Armin Nave ; 45 Regulation of Myelination by Functional Activity, R. Douglas Fields ; 46 Iron and Glia, James R. Connor ; Microglia ; 47 Role of microglia in the normal brain, Frank Kirchhoff ; 48 Factors controlling microglial activation, Uwe-Karsten Hanisch ; 49 Roles of activated microglia, Kelly R Miller, Stefan Prokop & Frank L Heppner ; 50 Immune functions of microglia, Trevor Owens ; Section 3. Role of glial cells in disease ; Mechanisms of glial injury ; 51 Astrocyte Responses to CNS Injury and Disease, Michael V. Sofroniew ; 52 Metabolic injury of oligodendrocytes and myelin, Peter K. Stys ; 53 Interaction of microglia with neurons and astrocytes under lesioned neuronal conditions, Kazuyuki Nakajima and Shinichi Kohsaka ; 54 Schwann cells and injury, Violetta Zujovic and Alexandros A. Lavdas ; Recovery of Neural Function ; 55 NERVE REGENERATION IN THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEm, Tessa Gordon and Olawale AR Sulaiman ; 56 Nerve fibre regeneration in the CNS of higher vertebrates, Anita D. Buchli and, Martin E. Schwab ; 57 GLIAL CELL TRANSPLANTATION FOR CNS REPAIR, Anne Baron-Van Evercooren and Rebecca Matsas ; Diseases: ; 58 Focal cerebral ischemia: The multifaceted role of glial cells, Ulrich Dirnagl, Bruce R. Ransom, and Josef Priller ; Gliomas: ; 59 Malignant Glioma, Dolores Hambardzumyan, Shannon Donnola and Rebecca Bish ; 60 Glial tumors in Neurofibromatosis and Tuberous Sclerosis Complex, Anthony J. Apicelli and David H. Gutmann ; Demyelinating diseases ; 61 Multiple Sclerosis, Monika Bradl and Hans Lassmann ; 62 Genetic mutations affecting myelin formation, Steven S. Scherer, M. Laura Feltri, and Lawrence Wrabetz ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; 63 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Rita Sattler and Jeffrey Rothstein ; 64 Alzheimer's disease, Andrew Kraft and Jin-Moo Lee ; 65 Huntington disease, Parkinson disease and other neurodegenerative diseases, Thomas Moller ; Infectious diseases ; 66 Glia in Bacterial and Viral CNS Infections, Gwenn Garden ; Miscellaneous diseases 67 Neuroglia in Hepatic Encephalopathy, Mireille Belanger, Javier Vaquero, and Roger F. Butterworth ; 68 Microglia and Pain, Simon Beggs, Tuan Trang and Michael W. Salter ; 69 Genetic disorders affecting astrocytes, Albee Messing and Michael Brenner ; 70 Epilepsy, Detlev Boison ; 71 Psychiatric Disorders, Josef Priller