The second edition of Analytical Chemistry for Technicians provides the "nuts and bolts" of analytical chemistry and focuses on the practical aspects for training a technician-level laboratory worker. This edition presents new and expanded chapters, innumerable questions and problems, and modified experiments that present a fresh and challenging approach. Some of the topics that have been expanded include chemical equilibrium, chromatography, Kjeldahl method, and molarity and moles where EDTA and water hardness calculations are concerned. New discussions of the Ag/AgCl and combination pH electrodes have been added, while the discussion of ion-selective electrodes has been expanded. The chapter introducing instrumental analysis and computers now includes discussions of "y = mx + b" and the method of least squares. The book also includes discussions of FTIR, topics of NMR, and mass spectrometry, which are found in the new infrared spectrometry chapter.
Auflage
Sprache
Verlagsort
Verlagsgruppe
Zielgruppe
Für höhere Schule und Studium
Für Beruf und Forschung
Laboratory technicians and students in analytical chemistry, Environmental Chemists, Environmental Toxicologists
Editions-Typ
Illustrationen
17 s/w Photographien bzw. Rasterbilder, 38 s/w Tabellen
17 figs., 38 tabs.
Maße
Höhe: 279 mm
Breite: 216 mm
Gewicht
ISBN-13
978-0-87371-966-7 (9780873719667)
Schweitzer Klassifikation
Kenkel; John Southeast Community College, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA,
INTRODUCTION TO CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
Chemical Analysis
Qualitative vs. Quantitative, Wet vs. Instrumental
General Laboratory Considerations
The Laboratory Notebook
Gravimetric Analysis
Analytical Calculations
The Need for Stoichiometry
Gravimetric Factors
SAMPLING AND SAMPLE PREPARATIONS
The Total Analysis
Step One: Obtaining the Sample
Step Two: Handling the Sample
Step Three: Preparing the Sample for Analysis
Quality Assurance of Reagents
STATISTICS IN CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
Terminology
Distribution of Random Errors
Rejection of Data - The Q Test
Student's t Test
Statistics in Quality Control
CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
Review of Basic Concepts
The Solubility of Precipitates
The Solubility Product Constant
Solubility and Ksp
Addition of Ions from an External Source
Chemical Equilibrium and Weak Acids
Weak Bases
Buffer Solutions
INTRODUCTION TO TITRIMETRIC ANALYSIS
Titration Defined
Preparation of Molar Solutions
Preparation from Pure Solid Chemicals
Preparation by Dilution
Volumetric Glassware
Solution Standardization and Terminology When to be Accurate and When Not - Revisited Experiments
ACID-BASE TITRATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
Standardization Calculations
Equivalents, Equivalent Means, and Normality
Examples of Acid-Base Primary Standards and Calculations
Percent Constituent Calculations
Back Titrations
The Kjeldahl Titration
Millimoles and Milliequivalents
Introduction to Titration Curves
The Role of Indicators
COMPLEXOMETRIC TITRATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
Complex Ion Terminology
The EDTA Ligand
The Determination of Water Hardness
Parts per Million
Standardization and Calculations
OXIDATION-REDUCTION AND OTHER TITRATIONS
Oxidation Number
Oxidation-Reduction Terminology
The Ion Electron Method for Balancing Equations
Equivalent Weights in Redox Reactions
Potassium Permanganate
Iodometry - An Indirect Method
Summary of Redox Applications
Non-Redox Precipitation Titrations
ANALYSIS WITH INSTRUMENTS AND COMPUTERS
Instrumental Data and Readout
Methods for Quantitative Analysis
Blanks and Controls
Effects of Sample Pretreatment on Calculations
Use of Computers
Modern Data Handling
FUNDAMENTALS OF LIGHT AND LIGHT ABSORPTION
Nature and Parameters of Light
Converting and Calculating Light Parameters
Light Absorption and Emission
Atomic vs. Molecular
Names of Techniques and Instruments
UV-VIS SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
Instrument Design
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis
The Question of Matched Cuvettes
The Absorption Spectrum and lMAX
Fluorometry
INFRARED SPECTROMETRY
Liquid Sampling
Solid Samplilng
Instrument Design
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis
NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY AND MASS SPECTROMETRY
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Mass Spectrometry
ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
Atomization and Excitation
Flame Emission
Flame Atomic Absorption
Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption
Vapor Generation Methods
Inductively Coupled Plasma
Other Atomic Emission Techniques
Summary of Atomic Techniques
ANALYTICAL SEPARATIONS
Recrystallization
Distillation
Liquid-Liquid Extraction
Liquid-Solid Extraction
Chromatography
Electrophoresis
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
Instrument Design
Sample Injection
Columns
Other Variable Parameters
The Chromatogram
Detectors
Qualitative Analysis
Quantitative Analysis
Troubleshooting
HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
Solvent Delivery
Sample Injection
Column Selection
The Chromatogram
Detectors
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis
Troubleshooting
ELECTROANALYTICAL METHODS
Transfer of Electrons via Electrodes
Transfer Tendencies - Standard Reduction Potentials
Determination of Overall Redox Reaction Tendency: E0cell
The Nernst Equation
Potentiometry
Polarography and Voltammetry
APPLICATIONS SUMMARY
Wet Methods
Instrumental Methods
Reference Sources
Introduction to Automation
APPENDICES
Significant Figures
Table of Some Ksp Values
Table of Ka and Kb Values
Compositions of Some Concentrated Commercial Acids and Bases
Summary of Calculations for Titrimetric Analysis
Recipes for Selected Acid-Base Indicator Solutions
Basic Electrical Terminology
Common Metric Prefixes
Answers to Selected Questions and Problems
Reference Sources
**Each chapter includes an Introduction, as well as end-of-chapter Experiments and a Questions and Problems Section**
