Studies on the electrochemical processes at the interface between two immiscible liquids began a long time ago: they date back to the end of the last century. Such celebrated scientists as Nemst and Haber, and also young A. N. Frumkin were among those who originated this science. Later A. N. Frumkin went a long way in furthering the studies at the Institute of Electrochemistry. The theory of the appearance of potential in a system of two immiscible electrolytes was developed and experimentally verified before the beginning of the thirties. In later years the studies in this area considerably lagged behind those conducted at metal electrodes which were widely used in different industries. In the past 15 years, however, the situation has radically changed and we have witnessed a drastic increase in the number of publications on the electrochemistry of immiscible electrolytes. We are glad to note that the investiga tions show not only a quantitative but also a qualitative change. The theoretical works on the oil/water interface test not only the thermodynamic aspects of the inter face but also recreate the molecular picture of the process. Along with the now con ventional oilfwater system, electrochemical studies are made on various membranes, including the frnest bilayer lipid membranes, and also on microemulsion systems. A prominent place in the investigation of the oil/water interface is occupied by photoprocesses that come into play at the interface between two ionic conductors.
Auflage
Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1987
Sprache
Verlagsort
Verlagsgruppe
Zielgruppe
Für Beruf und Forschung
Research
Illustrationen
Maße
Höhe: 244 mm
Breite: 170 mm
Dicke: 15 mm
Gewicht
ISBN-13
978-3-642-71883-0 (9783642718830)
DOI
10.1007/978-3-642-71881-6
Schweitzer Klassifikation
Electrolysis at the Interface Between Two Immiscible Electrolyte Solutions.- Theory.- Experimental Procedures.- Results and Applications.- References.- Problems of a Quantum Theory of Charge Transfer Reactions at the Interface Between Two Immiscible Liquids.- 1. The Franck-Condon Principle and the Physical Mechanism of the Transition.- 2. The Role of a Polar Medium and the Solvent Model.- 3. The Reorganization Energy of the Medium.- 4. The Role of Intramolecular Vibrations and Quantum Degrees of Freedom.- 5. General Regularities in Charge Transfer Processes at the Interface Between Immiscible Liquids.- 6. Electron Transfer at the Interface of Two Immiscible Liquids.- 7. Ion Transfer Through the Interface.- 8. Conclusion.- References.- Hydrodynamics and Mass Exchange at the Phase Boundaries with Regular Dissipative Structures.- 1. Introduction.- 2. General Theoretical Description of Dissipative Structures.- 3. Capillary Instability Due to the Marangoni Effect.- 4. Electro-hydrodynamic Instability.- 5. The Linear Analysis of Marangoni Instability.- 6. The Instability Caused by the Electric Forces Acting at the Surface of an Electrolyte Solution.- 7. Nonlinear Methods of Analyzing the Marangoni Instability.- 8. Models of Systems with Regular Hydrodynamic Dissipative Structures.- 9. Regular Circulation Fluxes Caused by Hydrodynamic Instability and their Role in Interfacial Mass Exchange.- 10. Conclusion.- References.- Galvani and Volta Potentials at the Interface Separating Immiscible Electrolyte Solutions.- Abstract.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Liquid Galvanic Cells - a Historical Survey.- 3. Galvani Potential at the Interface of Immiscible Electrolyte Solutions.- 4. Polarizable Interface of Inamisible Electrolyte Solutions.- 5. Volta Potentials at the Interfaces of ImmiscibleElectrolyte Solutions.- 6. Final Observations.- References.- Electrocapillarity and the Electric Double Layer Structure at Oil/Water Interfaces.- Summary.- Ideal-Polarized and Nonpolarized Oil/Water Interfaces.- Electrocapillary Curves of Ideal-Polarized Oil/Water Interfaces.- Electrocapillary Curves of Nonpolarized Oil/Water Interfaces.- References.- Study of the Electrical Double Layer at the Interface Between Two Immiscible Electrolyte Solutions by Impedance Measurements.- Thermodynamic Background.- AC Impedance Measurements.- Galvanostatic Pulse Technique.- Capacitance Data.- Zero-Charge Potential Difference.- Inner-Layer Potential Difference and Capacitance.- References.- Redox and Photochemical Reactions at the Interface Between Immiscible Liquids.- I. Introduction.- II. Redox Reactions in Monolayers.- III. Redox Processes in the Oil/Water System when Donor and Acceptor are Contained in Different Phases.- IV. Metalcomplexes of Porphyrins - Catalysts of Redox Reactions at the Interface Between Immiscible Liquids.- V. Evidence for the Heterogeneity of Redox Reactions Catalyzed by Metalcomplexes of Porphyrins.- VI. Enzyme Complexes of the Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain in the Oil/Water Interface.- VII. Redox Reactions in the Oil/Water System Accompanied by Protonation of Acceptor in the Nonaqueous Phase.- VIII. Coupling of Reactions at the Interface Between Immiscible Liquids.- References.- Counterions and Adsorption of Ion-Exchange Extractants at the Water/Oil Interface.- Abstract.- The Water/Oil Interface and Extraction Processes.- Adsorption and Extraction Constants.- Counterions and Adsorption of Extractants.- Determination of Activity Coefficients for Extractants in Low-Permittivity Media from Surface Pressure Isotherms.- References.- Kinetics of thePhotochemical Charge Separation in Micellar Solutions.- 1. The Formal Kinetics of Reactions in Micellar Systems.- 2. Charge Separation in Micellar Systems.- 3. Conclusion.- References.
