This book explores the core principles, technological advancements, and legal challenges of Industry 5.0's digital transformation.
Industry 5.0 has enhanced the operational efficiency of the entire manufacturing process by incorporating multiple emerging technologies; however, high-tech cybercrimes have prompted legal scholars worldwide to rethink the fundamental principles of technology and law.
The Techno-Legal Dynamics of Cyber Crimes in Industry 5.0 shows how advanced technologies, such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and robotics, are integrated within manufacturing environments. It explores the intricate relationship between legal systems and technological advancements and addresses the rise of cybercrime following Industry 5.0's digital transformation. Focusing on the interaction between technology and law, the book investigates current cyberlaw issues and solutions. It draws insights from diverse experts, including scholars, legal professionals, and industry leaders, emphasizing effective regulations to minimize cyber threat risks for Industry 5.0.
By adopting an international viewpoint, this book sheds light on various dimensions of nascent cybercrimes and legislative efforts worldwide aimed at governing them effectively.
Audience
This book should be read by legal scholars, lawyers, judges, legal and information technology researchers, cybersecurity experts, computer and software engineers, and students of law and technology. Regulators, policymakers, international trade specialists, and business executives should read it as well.
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Fadenheftung
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ISBN-13
978-1-394-24214-6 (9781394242146)
Copyright in bibliographic data and cover images is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or by the publishers or by their respective licensors: all rights reserved.
Schweitzer Klassifikation
Gagandeep Kaur, PhD, is an assistant professor of law at the School of Law, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, India. She specializes in cyber law, information technology law, cybercrimes, and digital copyright and has over 14 years of teaching and research experience at prestigious universities. She has authored five law books, published more than 100 articles in peer-reviewed journals, and received numerous awards.
Tanupriya Choudhury, PhD, is a professor and associate dean of research at Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, India. He has authored more than 150 research papers and filed 25 patents. He serves as the Honorary Secretary of the Indian Engineering Teachers' Association, a Senior Advisor in the INDO-UK Confederation of Science, Technology, and Research Ltd., London, UK, and the International Association of Professional and Fellow Engineers, Delaware, USA.
S. Balamurugan, PhD, is the Director of Research and Development at Intelligent Research Consultancy Services (iRCS), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. He also holds the position of Director at the Albert Einstein Engineering and Research Labs (AEER Labs) and Vice Chairman of the Renewable Energy Society of India (RESI). He has published over 50 books, more than 200 international journal articles and conference papers, and has 35 patents.
Herausgeber*in
School of Law, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
School of Computer Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
Intelligent Research Consultancy Services (iRCS), India
Preface xv
1 AI & IP: Ownership Rights in Industry 5.0 1
Pulkit Mogra
1.1 Introduction 2
1.2 Evolution of Artificial Intelligence System 4
1.3 Rights Upon the Fruits of AI: #TheConundrum 8
1.4 The Antidote to Conundrum: Work Made for Hire (WMFH) Model 12
Conclusion 16
References 17
2 Cybersecurity and Crime in Industry 4.0: An Analysis of Legal Aspects of Cybercrime 19
Jeevesh Sharma and Ashima Jain
2.1 Introduction 20
2.2 Industry 4.0 21
2.3 Cybercrime in the Digital Economy 22
2.3.1 Cybercrime and Organization 24
2.4 Cybercrime Statistics-Global Context 24
2.4.1 Cybercrime-Indian Context 25
2.4.2 Government Initiatives to Curb Cyber Frauds 26
2.4.3 Cybercrime Trends with Statistics 27
2.5 Cybersecurity 30
2.5.1 Measures to Protect from Cyberattacks 31
2.6 Legal Perspectives of Cybercrime and Their Penalty-Cases 32
2.6.1 Legal Aspects of Cybercrimes with Cases 34
2.7 Challenges of Cybersecurity 36
2.8 Conclusion 38
References 39
Weblinks 41
Case Links 41
3 Toward an Intelligent Cybersecurity System: The Role of Machine Learning 43
Oly Mishra and Vijaya Geeta Dharmavaram
3.1 Introduction 44
3.2 Machine Learning Paradigms 45
3.3 Machine Learning Applications 46
3.4 Machine Learning Applications in Cybersecurity 47
3.5 Machine Learning in Cybersecurity-Few Cases 48
3.6 Issues and Limitations of Machine Learning in Cybersecurity 51
3.7 Future Directions 52
3.8 Conclusion 53
References 54
4 ATP the New-Age Threat Vector and Cyberattack Trends 55
Akashdeep Bhardwaj and Sam Goundar
4.1 Introducing Advanced Persistent Threats 55
4.2 New-Age APT Attacks 58
4.3 Cyberattacks Trends 65
4.4 Reconnaissance 68
4.5 Initial Compromise 69
4.6 Establishing a Foothold 72
4.7 Exfiltration 73
4.8 Consolidation 75
4.9 Covering Tracks 76
4.10 Conclusion 77
References 78
5 Online Privacy in Artificial Intelligence Algorithms: Ethical and Legal Impacts of Technological Development and Exposure 79
Aditi Bharti and Gagandeep Kaur
5.1 Introduction 80
5.2 Understanding Artificial Intelligence 83
5.3 Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Personal Data 85
5.4 General Data Protection Regulation and Artificial Intelligence 88
5.5 Right to be Forgotten: Legal and Ethical Considerations of Data Processing by an AI 91
5.5.1 Can AI Actually Forget? 94
5.5.2 Privacy by Design 95
5.6 Conclusion 97
References 98
6 Exacerbation and Combat of Cyberattacks: The Dual Paradox of Machine Learning 101
Devika Sharma and Saket Sharma
6.1 Introduction 102
6.2 Concept of Machine Learning 103
6.3 Technologies Involved in Machine Learning and Their Impact on Cybersecurity 106
6.3.1 Big Data 106
6.3.2 Blockchain Technology 107
6.3.3 User and Entity Behavioral Analytics (UEBA) 108
6.4 Growing Role of Machine Learning in Cybersecurity 108
6.5 Applications of Machine Learning in Cybersecurity 109
6.6 Demerits of Using Machine Learning in Cybersecurity 112
6.7 Legal Framework for Cybersecurity in India 113
6.7.1 The Information Technology Rules (IT Rules) 114
6.7.2 The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 114
6.7.3 Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-IN) 115
6.8 Conclusion 115
References 117
7 Hacking the System: A Deep Dive into the World of E-Banking Crime 121
Swati Gupta
7.1 Introduction 122
7.2 Literature Review 124
7.2.1 Cyber Risk in the Financial Industry 124
7.2.2 E-Banking Crime 126
7.2.3 Reasons for the Rise in E-Banking Crimes 129
7.2.3.1 Theoretical Perspectives on the Rise in E-Banking Crimes 130
7.2.4 Impact of E-Banking Crimes on the Financial Sector 131
7.2.4.1 Theoretical Perspectives on the Impact of E-Banking Crimes 133
7.3 Combating E-Banking Crimes 135
7.3.1 Challenges in Combating E-Banking Crimes 136
7.4 E-Banking Crimes: Emerging Economies 138
7.4.1 India 140
7.4.2 Nigeria 141
7.5 Conclusion 142
References 144
8 Is Love a Crime-Decoding Cybercrimes in Online Dating and Risk Mitigation 149
Latika Choudhary and Hardik Daga
8.1 Introduction to Online Dating 150
8.1.1 The "Cons" of Online Dating 151
8.1.2 Do the Pros Outweigh the Cons? 152
8.2 Cybercrimes via Online Dating 153
8.3 Exploring the Law of India 159
8.3.1 Privacy and Online Dating 160
8.4 Laws Governing Dating Apps in India 161
8.4.1 The Constitution of India 161
8.4.2 The Indian Penal Code 1860 162
8.4.3 Information Technology Act 2000 162
8.4.4 Personal Data Protection Bill 2022 163
8.5 A Ray of Hope-is Mitigation Possible 165
References 167
9 Critical Analysis of the Role of Intermediaries with Respect to Cybercrimes in Cyberspace 171
Anwesha Pathak
Introduction 172
References 196
10 Cybercrime and AI: Issues and Solutions 199
Gagandeep Kaur, Darashiny Nivasan and Tanupriya Choudhury
10.1 Introduction 200
10.1.1 Definition 200
10.2 Literature Review 202
10.3 Nature of Artificial Intelligence 206
10.4 Artificial Intelligence Tools for Cybersecurity 209
10.5 Legal Challenges 211
10.6 Comparison of Indian and International Law 215
10.7 Conclusion 228
10.8 Suggestions 229
References 231
11 The Illusion of Bitcoin: The Rise and Fall of a Revolutionary Cryptocurrency 237
Ravi Kant
11.1 Mystery of Bitcoin: An Overview 238
11.1.1 What is Bitcoin? 238
11.1.2 History of Bitcoin 239
11.1.3 Bitcoin and the Economic Enterprise 239
11.2 The Rise and Fall of Bitcoin 240
11.2.1 Gaining Popularity 241
11.2.2 Losing Pursuit 242
11.3 The Illusion of Bitcoin 243
11.4 Bitcoin and Cybersecurity 244
11.4.1 Decentralization and Its Potential Security Weaknesses 245
11.4.2 Vulnerabilities in Bitcoin Wallets 245
11.4.3 Cybersecurity Issues in Bitcoin Exchanges 245
11.4.4 Blockchain Attacks and Manipulation 246
11.5 Measures to Enhance Bitcoin Security 246
11.5.1 Multi-Factor Authentication 246
11.5.2 Encryption 247
11.5.3 Decentralized Storage 247
11.5.4 Cold Storage 247
11.5.5 Multi-Sig Wallets 247
11.6 Case Studies of Bitcoin Security Breaches 248
11.6.1 Mt. Gox Hack 248
11.6.2 Bitfinex Hack 248
11.6.3 Nicehash Hack 248
11.6.4 Dao Hack 249
11.6.5 Parity Wallet Hack 249
11.7 Bitcoin and the Financial Industry 249
11.7.1 Impact of Bitcoin on the Economic Enterprise 250
11.7.2 Indian Economy 250
11.7.3 International Economy 252
11.8 Social and Political Implications of Bitcoin 253
11.9 Bitcoin's Role in Crime 255
11.10 The Future of Bitcoin 257
11.10.1 Improved Security Measures 258
11.10.2 Bitcoin Regulations 258
11.10.3 Artificial Intelligence 258
11.10.4 Quantum Computing 258
11.10.5 Emergence of New Cryptocurrencies 259
11.11 Conclusion 259
11.12 Way Forward 260
References 261
12 Cybercrime Against Women in India: Challenges and Possible Solutions 265
Avneet Kaur
12.1 Introduction 266
12.2 History and Origin of Cybercrimes 267
12.3 Literature Review 268
12.4 Reasons for the Growth of Cybercrimes Against Women 269
12.4.1 Psychological Reason 269
12.4.2 Sociological Reasons 270
12.4.3 Lack of Awareness in India 271
12.4.4 Knowledge of Computer 271
12.4.5 Easy Availability and Addiction to the Internet 271
12.5 Different Types of Cybercrime Against Women 273
12.5.1 Cyber Harassment 273
12.5.2 Cyber Pornography 273
12.5.3 Cyberstalking 274
12.5.4 Cyber Defamation 274
12.5.5 Morphing 275
12.5.6 Email Spoofing 275
12.6 Implication of Cybercrimes on Women 275
12.7 Legal Provisions Against Cybercrimes 276
12.8 Provisions for Cybercrimes Under IT ACT 2000 277
12.9 Landmark Cases in Cybercrime Against Women 278
12.9.1 Jayanta Kumar Das Versus State of Odisha 278
12.9.2 Fatima Riswana Versus State Rep. by A.C.P., Chennai & Ors 38 278
12.9.3 State of Tamil Nadu Versus Suhas Kutti 279
12.9.4 Avnish Bajaj Versus State (N.C.T.) of Delhi 279
12.10 Shortcomings in the Indian Legal System 280
12.11 Suggestions 281
Conclusion: A Way Forward 282
References 283
13 Emerging Legal Challenges in the Artificial World of Metaverse 285
Rajesh Kumar and Megha M. Patel
13.1 Introduction 286
13.2 The Ideas Behind the Metaverse 288
13.2.1 The Market of the Metaverse 289
13.3 The Application of the Metaverse in Different Industries 290
13.3.1 Potential Benefits of the Metaverse 291
13.4 Issues and Challenges after Introducing the Metaverse 293
13.5 Approaching Metaverse Problems from a Global Perspective 298
13.5.1 Preview of the Judicial Trail Map in the U.S. 298
13.6 Conclusion 305
References 305
14 Cyberterrorism: In an Era of Information Warfare 309
Mohamad Ayub Dar and Megha Ojha
14.1 Introduction 310
14.2 The Surge in Cyberterrorism 310
14.3 Background 311
14.3.1 Meaning and Definition of Cyberterrorism 311
14.3.2 Dynamics of Cyberterrorism and Cyberterrorist Attacks 311
14.3.3 Terrorist Attacks 312
14.3.4 Cyberterrorism: Definitions 313
14.3.5 Origin of Cyberterrorism 314
14.4 Methodology Used 314
14.5 Effects of Cyberterrorism on Society and Government 315
14.6 Techniques and Methods Used for Cyberterrorism 317
14.7 Countries Affected the Most by Cyberterrorism 320
14.8 Ukraine and Russia War and Cyberterrorism 321
14.9 Combating Cyberterrorism 324
14.9.1 Indian Law Dealing with Cyberterrorism 324
14.9.2 International Law Dealing with Cyberterrorism 326
14.10 Conclusion 327
References 327
15 Freedom of Speech and Expression on Social Media- A Comparison of India and China 331
Sanyogita Singh and Vikram Singh
15.1 Introduction 332
15.1.1 Why Protect Freedom of Speech? 335
15.1.2 Why Restrict (Regulate) Speech? 335
15.2 Review of Literature 336
15.3 Online Speech Regulations-India vs. China 341
15.3.1 Online Speech Regulations in India 341
15.3.2 Online Speech Regulations in China 342
15.4 Intermediary Responsibilities-India vs. China 343
15.4.1 Responsibilities of Social Media Intermediaries in India 343
15.4.1.1 Government Departments as Intermediaries 345
15.4.2 Responsibilities of Social Media Intermediaries in China 346
15.5 Conclusion 346
References 348
16 Environment and Cybercrime in the World: Mitigating the Impact of Cybercrime on the Environment 351
Pracheta Rathore and Jai Malaviya
16.1 Introduction 352
16.1.1 What is Cybercrime? 352
16.1.2 Importance of the Topic 353
16.1.3 Overview of the Chapter 353
16.2 Impact of Cybercrime on the Environment 353
16.2.1 Production of E-Waste 353
16.2.2 Use of Energy 355
16.2.3 Financial and Economic Systems 356
16.2.4 Damage to Critical Infrastructure 356
16.3 Mitigating the Impact of Cybercrime 358
16.3.1 Awareness Raising and Best Practices for Cybersecurity 358
16.3.2 Responsible Disposal of Electronic Waste 360
16.3.3 Energy-Efficient Technologies 361
16.3.4 Government and Company Policies 362
16.4 Future of the Environment and Cybercrime 364
16.4.1 Emerging Trends in Cybercrime 364
16.4.2 The Role of Technology in Protecting the Environment 365
16.4.3 Collaboration and International Cooperation 367
16.5 Conclusion 368
References 368
17 Face Recognition Based on Smart Attendance System Using Python 373
P. Monisha, Prakash N., E. Udayakumar, Tamilselvan S. and Kumareshan N.
17.1 Introduction 374
17.2 Methodology 376
17.3 Face Database 379
17.4 Implementation of CNN and SVM Algorithm 382
17.5 Features and Benefits Features of the System 388
17.6 Conclusion 389
References 390
Index 393
