Engines for hybrid powertrains and electrification, IC engines, Fuel cellsE-machines, Air-path and other technologies achieving performance and fuel economy benefits, Advances and improvements in combustion and ignition systems, Emissions regulation and their control by engine and after-treatment, Developments in real-world driving cycles, Advanced boosting systems, Connected powertrains (AI), Electrification opportunities, Energy conversion and recovery systems, Modified or novel engine cycles, IC engines for heavy duty and off highway