1. Studying Economic Development. 2. Measuring Development and Poverty. 3. What Causes Development? An Overview. 4. Financing Development I: The Role of Capital, Domestic Saving. 5. Financing Development II: Cutting Current Spending, Macro Imbalances. 6. Financing Development III: Inflows of Private Foreign Capital. 7. Financing Development IV: Foreign Aid, the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund. 8. Technology, Factor Proportions, and Dualism. 9. The Population Problem. 10. Labor and Human Capital. 11. Rural Development: Agriculture in the Less-Developed Countries. 12. Industrialization: Manufacturing and Urban Development in the Less-Developed Countries. 13. Trade and Economic Development. 14. Trade Policy and Economic Development. 15. The Future for the International Trade of the Less-Developed Countries. 16. The Environment and the Less-Developed Countries. 17. Lessons Learned.