Winner, 2025 Merle Curti Intellectual History Award, Organization of American Historians
Winner, 2024 Arline Custer Memorial Book Award, Mid-Atlantic Regional Archives Conference
Winner, 2025 Eliza Atkins Gleason Book Award, Library History Round Table of The American Library Association
Honorable Mention, 2025 Lawrence W. Levine Award, Organization of American Historians
Honorable Mention, 2025 S-USIH Annual Book Prize, Society for U.S. Intellectual History
Finalist, 2025 ASALH Book Prize for Best New Book in African American History and Culture, Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH)
During the first half of the twentieth century, a group of collectors and creators dedicated themselves to documenting the history of African American life. At a time when dominant institutions cast doubt on the value or even the idea of Black history, these bibliophiles, scrapbookers, and librarians created an enduring set of African diasporic archives. In building these institutions and amassing abundant archival material, they also reshaped Black public culture, animating inquiry into the nature and meaning of Black history.
Scattered and Fugitive Things tells the stories of these Black collectors, traveling from the parlors of the urban north to HBCU reading rooms and branch libraries in the Jim Crow south. Laura E. Helton chronicles the work of six key figures: bibliophile Arturo Schomburg, scrapbook maker Alexander Gumby, librarians Virginia Lee and Vivian Harsh, curator Dorothy Porter, and historian L. D. Reddick. Drawing on overlooked sources such as book lists and card catalogs, she reveals the risks collectors took to create Black archives. This book also explores the social life of collecting, highlighting the communities that used these collections from the South Side of Chicago to Roanoke, Virginia. In each case, Helton argues, archiving was alive in the present, a site of intellectual experiment, creative abundance, and political possibility. Offering new ways to understand Black intellectual and literary history, Scattered and Fugitive Things reveals Black collecting as a radical critical tradition that reimagines past, present, and future.
Rezensionen / Stimmen
Named a Best Black History Book of 2024 by Black Perspectives. * Black Perspectives * This ingenious study of the quietly radical innovations of African American librarians and collectors transforms our understanding of the documentary impulse in Black history. Helton shows us that archives are not staid and passive repositories, but instead laboratories for experimentation, even insurrection, in the ways that the traces we preserve can intimate and anticipate shared futures. -- Brent Hayes Edwards, author of <i>The Practice of Diaspora: Literature, Translation, and the Rise of Black Internationalism</i> Laura Helton's Scattered and Fugitive Things is an extraordinary book that chronicles and contextualizes how Black archives and libraries were built, organized, preserved, protected and used in the early twentieth century. Beautifully written, this is a major contribution to Black Studies. -- Elizabeth McHenry, author of <i>To Make Negro Literature: Writing, Literary Practice, and African American Authorship</i> Laura Helton's stellar and timely book reclaims the vital work of Black librarians, collectors, and bibliophiles who built the archival infrastructure on which scholars of Black history and culture rely. Those long-overlooked men and women are brought back to life with the fidelity that can only come from deep archival immersion by a superb writer. Her exceptional work and that of the brilliant people she profiles reveal a rich world of unexplored archival abundance which continues to serve as a bulwark against both unfounded speculations and outright assaults on Black history. -- Barbara D. Savage, author of <i>Merze Tate: The Global Odyssey of a Black Woman Scholar</i> Scattered and Fugitive Things is a methodological, theoretical, and archival tour de force-at once the capstone of a decade of groundbreaking scholarship in Black archives and librarianship and a call for us to turn our attention to these pioneering Black bibliophiles and their institutions. -- Derrick R. Spires, author of <i>The Practice of Citizenship: Black Politics and Print Culture in the Early United States</i> Scattered and Fugitive Things is an absolute marvel: for anyone who works in Black archives, anyone interested in Black liberation, Laura E. Helton records for us the strategies these Black librarians, collectors, and archivists employed in the first part of the twentieth century. Each page is a treasure to be savored. -- Vanessa K. Valdes, author of <i>Diasporic Blackness: The Life and Times of Arturo Alfonso Schomburg</i> Extensively researched and brilliantly constructed, Scattered and Fugitive Things weaves together the remarkable story of librarians, archivists, bibliophiles, and collectors of Black history. It describes the radical lengths that some went to collect, exhibit, and classify Black books, manuscripts, and ephemera. An essential book for anyone interested in the backstory of Black history. -- Ethelene Whitmire, author of <i>Regina Anderson Andrews: Harlem Renaissance Librarian</i> At a time when the philosophical concept of 'the archive' has become so potent for scholars, the discourse can sometimes sidestep what Michelle Caswell has termed 'actually existing archives.' In this context, Scattered and Fugitive Things is a necessary restorative. The figures in this book, both notable and hidden, spent their entire lives working institutionally to build fortresses of Black history and possibility, materially reframing a historical record designed to ignore Black existence . . . Each figure is presented here in new depth, and in relation to each other and to a wider world of Black inquiry. -- Dorothy Berry * Los Angeles Review of Books * Through in-depth historical investigation, Helton perceptively examines Black intellectual and literary history in the context of establishing Black archives. * Choice Reviews * Offering new ways to understand Black intellectual and literary history, Scattered and Fugitive Things reveals Black collecting as a radical critical tradition that reimagines past, present, and future. * Black Perspectives * Helton's book provides an intellectual model and history for African American freedom struggles to ensure underground access to censored literature, while her research provides contexts for understanding surreptitious archives as spaces of collective care. * SHARP News * This truly expansive, experimental, and politically engaged work reformulated the scope and tenor of Black history, laying the foundations of Black study in and out of the academy. * Annulet * A significant academic contribution not only in its showcasing of central and often obscured bibliographical sites and actors, but also in how it weaves together many strands of archival studies and Black studies, and in doing so enriches both. * Textual Cultures * Brilliantly shows how seemingly mundane aspects of book collections-appraisal, cataloguing, and access-were and remain charged with political meaning. * Women and Social Movements in the United States since 1600 * Helton argues that Black archives remain sites of intellectual and political struggle. She highlights the crucial role of Black women curators and underscores that Black history-making is not limited to scholars, but is a communal, continuing process shaped by local and diasporic efforts. * Times Literary Supplement * Helton's engaging writing and intricate dissection of the passionate labor of Black archive building reminds those of us who value libraries and archives that these collections do not just appear by circumstance: they are carefully and intentionally cultivated, and crucial to community building. * Journal of Southern History *
Laura E. Helton is an assistant professor of English and history at the University of Delaware. She is a coeditor of the digital humanities project "Remaking the World of Arturo Schomburg."
List of Illustrations
Acknowledgments
Introduction: Value, Order, Risk: Experiments in Black Archiving
1. Thinking Black, Collecting Black: Schomburg's Desiderata and the Radical World of Black Bibliophiles
2. A "History of the Negro in Scrapbooks": The Gumby Book Studio's Ephemeral Assemblies
3. Defiant Libraries: Virginia Lee and the Secrets Kept by Good Bookladies
4. Unauthorized Inquiries: Dorothy Porter's Wayward Catalog
5. A Space for Black Study: The Hall Branch Library and the Historians Who Never Wrote
6. Mobilizing Manuscripts: L. D. Reddick and Black Archival Politics
Epilogue
List of Abbreviations
Notes
Bibliography
Index