Sealing of boreholes and underground excavations has not received much engineering attention until fairly recently. The growing awareness of and sensitivity to environmental concerns of the technical community as well as of the public at large has resulted in an increasing recognition of the fact that these geological penetrations may have an environmental impact. The issue of possible contamination resulting from migration along boreholes, adits, shafts or tunnels unquestionably has been raised most forcefully with in the context of nuclear waste disposal. Several nuclear waste disposal programs, notably the Civilian and the Defence programs of the US De partment of Energy, the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Canadian and Swedish radioactive waste disposal programs have conducted major research efforts aimed at developing adequate seal designs for penet rations in host rock formations for high-level nuclear waste repositories. While a considerable data base has been gathered over the last two decades or so with regard to the performance of seals, most of the information is presented in research reports and widely scattered papers in journals and proceedings of conferences. Hence, the materials are not readily accessible to potential users such as designers, contractors or regulators who are not familiar with nuclear waste disposal programs.
Rezensionen / Stimmen
...anyone who has to deal with the problems of installing safe and reliable long term seals in a borehole will benefit from reading some of the papers in the book - Geoscientist
Auflage
Sprache
Verlagsort
Zielgruppe
Für Beruf und Forschung
Research
Illustrationen
Maße
Höhe: 241 mm
Breite: 160 mm
Dicke: 24 mm
Gewicht
ISBN-13
978-0-412-57300-2 (9780412573002)
DOI
10.1007/978-94-009-1505-3
Schweitzer Klassifikation
1. Introduction.- 1.1 Background.- 1.2 Sealing Requirements-Rules and Regulations.- 1.3 Current Practice.- 1.4 Recent Borehole Sealing Research-An Introductory.- Overview.- 1.5 Sealing of Shafts, Tunnels, Mine Adits, Portals and Drifts.- 1.6 Book Summary.- 1.7 The Future.- Acknowledgements.- 2. Laboratory Performance of Cement Borehole Seals.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Conceptual Approach.- 2.3 Experimental Apparatus.- 2.4 Experimental Procedures.- 2.5 Analysis.- 2.6 Summary of Test Results.- 2.7 Design Implications.- Acknowledgements.- 3. Strength Parameters of Cement Borehole Seals in Rock.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Push-Out Test Experimental Procedure.- 3.3 Push-Out Test Mechanical Interactions.- 3.4 Finite Element Analysis and Discussion.- 3.5 Push-Out Test Results and Discussion.- 3.6 Conclusions and Recommendations.- Acknowledgements.- 4. Dynamic Loading Impact on Cement Borehole Seals.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Experimental Methods.- 4.3 Flow Test Results.- 4.4 Dye Injection Test Results.- 4.5 Dynamic Loading Test Results.- 4.6 Design Considerations.- 4.7 Discussion.- 4.8 Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- 5. Performance of Bentonite and Bentonite/Crushed Rock Borehole Seals.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Materials.- 5.3 Permeability Tests and Results.- 5.4 Piping and Flow of Bentonite.- 5.5 Prediction of Bentonite Permeability.- 5.6 Conclusions and Recommendations.- Acknowledgements.- 6. In situ Performance of a Clay-Based Barrier.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 The Canadian Nuclear Fuel Waste Management Program.- 6.3 Evaluation of Buffer Physical Performance.- 6.4 In situ Experiments.- 6.5 Buffer/Container Experiment.- 6.6 Isothermal Test.- 6.7 Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- 7. In situ Hydraulic Performance Tests of Borehole Seals: Procedure and Analyses.- 7.1 Introduction.-7.2 Proposed Test Schemes.- 7.3 Seal Tests.- 7.4 Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- 8. In situ Hydraulic Performance of Cement Borehole Seals.- 8.1 Introduction.- 8.2 Preliminary Survey for Seal Installation.- 8.3 Seal Tests at Oracle Ridge Mine.- 8.4 Discussion of Testing at Oracle Ridge Mine.- 8.5 Seal Testing at Superior, Arizona.- 8.6 Recommendations for Testing In situ Borehole Seals.- Acknowledgements.- 9. Sealing Boreholes in Rock Salt.- 9.1 Introduction.- 9.2 General Practice in Sealing Boreholes in Rock Salt.- 9.3 Rock Salt Properties Relevant to Borehole Sealing.- 9.4 Materials for Sealing Boreholes in Rock Salt.- 9.5 Seal System Performance.- 9.6 Design Considerations.- 9.7 Conclusions.- Acknowledgement.- 10. Design of Underground Plugs.- 10.1 Introduction.- 10.2 Types of Plugs.- 10.3 Factors to be Considered in Design of Plugs.- 10.4 Design Calculations.- 10.5 Construction Aspects.- 10.6 Plug Sealing and Resistance to Leakage.- 10.7 Case Studies.- 10.8 Conclusions and Recommendations.- 11. Design of Borehole Seals: Process, Criteria and Considerations.- 11.1 Introduction.- 11.2 Applications, Objectives and Requirements.- 11.3 Considerations of Site Characteristics.- 11.4 General Design Criteria.- 11.5 Material Selection and Placement Methods.- 11.6 Summary.- Acknowledgements.- 12. Sodium Bentonite as a Borehole Sealant.- 12.1 Introduction.- 12.2 Geographical Origin.- 12.3 Geological Origin.- 12.4 Structure of Sodium Bentonite.- 12.5 Properties of Sodium Bentonite.- 12.6 Bentonite as a Borehole Sealant.- 12.7 Bentonite as an Annular Sealant.- 12.8 Types of Bentonite Sealants.- 12.9 Placement of Bentonite.- 12.10 Case History Featuring High-Solids Bentonite Grout.- 12.11 Conclusions.
