Dopamine in the CNS I

1 Brain Dopamine: A Historical Perspective.- A. Introduction.- B. The First Half-Century: 1910-1959.- C. &"The Great Brain Serotonin-Catecholamine Debate".- D. Striatal Dopamine, Parkinson's Disease and Dopamine Replacement.- E. Dopamine Pathways.- F. Experimental Models of Parkinson's Disease.- G. Dopamine Toxins.- H. Dopamine Uptake.- I. Physiology and Pathophysiology of Brain Dopamine.- J. Specific Dopamine Receptors.- K. Direct-Acting Dopamine Agonists.- L. Dopamine and Striatal Neurotransmitter Interactions.- M. Dopamine in Psychiatry.- N. Concluding Remark.- Abbreviations.- References.- 2 Birth of Dopamine: A Cinderella Saga.- A. Introduction.- B. Brodie's Breakthrough Discovery, Focusing on Serotonin.- C. Catecholamines Entering the Scene.- D. Discovery of Dopamine.- E. Facing Rejection by Leaders in the Field.- F. New Evidence for Monoaminergic Neurotransmission.- G. A Paradigm Shift: Chemical Transmission in the Brain and Emerging Synaptology.- H. &"Awakenings&".- I. Mode of Action of Antipsychotic Agents.- J. Dopamine, the Reward System, and Drug Dependence.- K. Autoreceptors: Discovery and Therapeutic Implications.- L. Concluding Remarks.- References.- 3 The Place of the Dopamine Neurons Within the Organization of the Forebrain.- A. Introduction.- B. The Midbrain and Striatal Circuitry.- C. Connections Between the Midbrain and Cortex.- D. The Amygdala and Other Forebrain Projections.- E. Functional Modulation and Integration Through Dopamine Forebrain Pathways.- References.- 4 Synaptology of Dopamine Neurons.- A. Introduction.- B. Methods for Ultrastructural Labeling of DA Axons.- C. Regional Observations of DA Synaptology.- D. Discussion.- Abbreviations.- References.- 5 D1-Like Dopamine Receptors: Molecular Biology and Pharmacology.- A.Introduction.- B. Molecular Biology of D1-Like Receptors.- C. D1-Like Receptor Pharmacology.- D. Molecular Aspects of Functional Coupling and Signal Transduction for D1-Like Receptors.- E. Distribution of D1-Like Receptors.- F. Pharmacology of D1-Like Receptor-Mediated Function: Behaviour and D1-Like:D2-Like Interactions.- G. Are There Additional D1-Like Receptor Subtypes?.- H. Conclusions.- References.- 6 Understanding the Function of the Dopamine D2 Receptor: A Knockout Animal Approach.- A. Introduction.- B. Transcriptional Regulation of the Dopamine D2 Receptor.- C. Dopamine D2 Receptor Signal Transduction.- D. D2 Receptor Function In Vivo.- E. D2 Receptor's Role as an Autoreceptor.- F. D2 Receptor Signaling in Physiology.- G. Neuronal Protective Pathways via the D2 Receptor.- H. Antiproliferative Role of Dopamine in the Pituitary.- I. Genetic Association of the D2 Receptor with Disease.- J. Distinct Functions of the Dopamine D2 Receptor Isoforms.- K. Conclusion.- References.- 7 The Dopamine D3 Receptor and Its Implication in Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Their Treatments.- A. Introduction.- B. Intracellular Signaling of the D3 Receptor.- C. Pre- and Postsynaptic Localizations of the D3 Receptor in the Brain.- D. Coexisting D1 and D3 Receptors in Ventral Striatum Mediate Both Synergistic and Opposite Responses.- E. D1/D3 Receptor Interplay in the Induction and Expression of Behavioral Sensitization: Role of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor.- F. D3 Receptor-Selective Pharmacological Agents.- G. The D3 Receptor and Schizophrenia.- H. The D3 Receptor and Drug Addiction.- I. The D3 Receptor and Depression.- J. Conclusions.- References.- 8 Dopamine D4 Receptors: Molecular Biology and Pharmacology.- A. The Dopamine D4 Receptor.- B. The Multiple Human D4 Receptors.- C.The D4 Receptor Involvement in Schizophrenia.- D. Conclusions.- References.- 9 Signal Transduction by Dopamine D1 Receptors.- A. Historical Perspective.- B. GTP-Binding Proteins Associated with D1-Family Receptors.- C. Adenylyl Cyclases and Phosphodiesterases in the Striatum.- D. cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase.- E. cAMP-Activated Phosphorylation Pathways.- F. The Role of Protein Phosphatase 1 in the Action of D1 Receptors.- G. DARPP-32.- H. Other Actions of cAMP.- I. Concluding Remarks.- References.- 10 The Dopamine Transporter: Molecular Biology, Pharmacology and Genetics.- A. Introduction.- B. Molecular Biology.- C. Distribution of the Dopamine Transporter.- D. Pharmacology.- E. Genetics Related to the Dopamine Transporter.- Abbreviations.- References.- 11 Cellular Actions of Dopamine.- A. Introduction.- B. DA Receptor Expression in Neostriatal Neurons.- C. Dopaminergic Modulation of Intrinsic Properties of Neostriatal Neurons.- D. D1 Receptor Modulation of Synaptic Transmission and Repetitive Activity in Medium Spiny Neurons.- E. Modulation of Synaptic Transmission by D2-Like Receptors.- F. Dopaminergic Regulation of Corticostriatal Synaptic Plasticity.- G. Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 12 Dopamine and Gene Expression.- A. Introduction.- B. Dopamine Signaling to the Nucleus.- C. Acute Effects of Dopamine on Gene Expression.- D. Chronic Effects of Dopamine on Gene Expression.- References.