This third volume of the series Clinical Neurophysiology Updates deals with the use of visual evoked potentials (VEPs) for testing visual functions in man. The book critically assesses the state-of-the-art of this expanding area of human neurophysiology and emphasizes the clinical uses of ERGs and VEPs for clinical diagnosis and for detailed pathophysiological evaluation of patients with disordered visual functions, for example, in neurogenetics. Other topics discussed include the different methods of photic stimulation with patterned stimuli and their physiological basis, and the neural generators involved in the flash or patterned electroretinograms (ERGs) and scalp recorded VEPs. The concurrent chapters presented by renowned experts ensure an extensive coverage of the field and expose the reader to complementary viewpoints which convey the impression that VEPs now provide essential methods and concepts.
This third volume of the series Clinical Neurophysiology Updates deals with the use of visual evoked potentials (VEPs) for testing visual functions in man. The book critically assesses the state-of-the-art of this expanding area of human neurophysiology and emphasizes the clinical uses of ERGs and VEPs for clinical diagnosis and for detailed pathophysiological evaluation of patients with disordered visual functions, for example, in neurogenetics. Other topics discussed include the different methods of photic stimulation with patterned stimuli and their physiological basis, and the neural generators involved in the flash or patterned electroretinograms (ERGs) and scalp recorded VEPs. The concurrent chapters presented by renowned experts ensure an extensive coverage of the field and expose the reader to complementary viewpoints which convey the impression that VEPs now provide essential methods and concepts.
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Elsevier Science & Technology
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Für höhere Schule und Studium
Für Beruf und Forschung
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ISBN-13
978-0-444-81240-7 (9780444812407)
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List of contributors. Preface. Abbreviations. 1. The importance of physiology to the visual evoked potentials (I. Bodis-Wollner, J.R. Brannan, M.F. Ghilardi and L.H. Mylin). Functional organization of the visual pathway. The relationship of visual physiology to VEP stimuli. Response analysis of the transient VEP. Methodological suggestions. Conclusions. 2. Pattern visual evoked potentials and electroretinograms in man and animals (L. Maffei and A. Fiorentini). The pattern-reversal VEP. Correlation between the properties of cortical cells and of VEPs. Which cortical cells are mainly involved in the generation of VEPs? The pattern-reversal ERG. Second harmonic of the ERG response to uniform field luminance modulation. Effects of increased intraocular pressure on PERG. Transient pattern ERG. Transient PERG in infants. Discussion and conclusion. 3. Maturation of visual function studied by visual evoked potentials (S. Sokol). Methodology. Flash VEPs. Pattern VEPs. Summary. 4. Electroretinograms to flash and to patterned visual stimuli in retinal and optic nerve disorders (G.G. Celesia and S. Tobimatsu). Flash ERG. Focal ERG. Pattern ERG. 5. Localization of electric and magnetic sources of brain activity (B.W. van Dijk and H. Spekreijse). Volume conductor models. Localization procedures. The Laplacian field. Errors due to modelling. Components. Visually evoked electric fields. Practical considerations. Appendix. 6. Pattern visual stimulation in prechiasmatic lesions (G.G. Celesti and M.G. Brigell). Models of the visual system. Clinical VEP methodology. VEP and optic neuropathy. VEP and lesions of the chiasm. Conclusions. 7. Generators of pattern visual evoked potentials in normals and in patients with retrochiasmatic lesions (M. Onofrj). Materials and methods. Results. Discussion. Concluding remarks. 8. The pattern visual evoked potential in the evaluation of pediatric patients (S. Sokol). Flash VEPs. Pattern VEPs: acuity. Amblyopia. Refraction. Oculomotor disorders. Cortical blindness. Developmental delay. Malingering. CNS disease. Other techniques. 9. Clinical applications of pattern visual evoked potentials (M.F. Ghilardi, J.R. Brannan and I. Bodis-Wollner). Multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis. Neurosarcoidosis. Vitamin B 12 deficiency. Vitamin E deficiency. Ethambutol optic neuropathy. Macular diseases. Glaucoma. Parkinson's disease. Alzheimer's disease. 10. The visual evoked potential in neuro-ophthalmic disorders (G.F.A. Harding). Normative studies. Ocular conditions. Optic nerve conditions. Optic nerve disease. Conclusions. 11. The use of the electroretinogram and visual evoked potentials in ophthalmogenetics (P. Apkarian and H. Spekreijse). Introduction. ERG in ophthalmogenetics. VEP in ophthalmogenetics. Conclusion. References. Subject index. Imprint: Elsevier Amsterdam
