A Brief History of Synapses and Synaptic Transmission, W. Maxwell Cowan and Eric R. Kandel; The Structure of Synapses, Pietro De Camilli, Volker Haucke, Kohji Takei, and Enrico Mugnaini; Physiology of Synaptic Transmission and Short-Term Plasticity, Wade G. Regehr and Charles F. Stevens; Mechanism and Regulation of Neurotransmitter Release, Thomas C. Sudhof and Richard H. Scheller; Synaptic Vesicle Endocytosis, Pietro De Camilli, Vladimir I. Slepnev, Oleg Shupliakov, and Lennart Brodin; The Synaptic Cleft and Synaptic Cell Adhesion, Thomas C. Sudhof; The Postsynaptic Specialization, Morgan H.-T. Sheng; Signal Transduction in the Postsynaptic Neuron - Activity-Dependent Regulation of Gene Expression, Michael E. Greenberg and Edward B. Ziff; Synaptic Plasticity - Diverse Targets and Mechanisms for Regulating Synaptic Efficacy, Robert C. Malenka and Steven A. Siegelbaum; The Mechanisms and Meaning of Long-Term Synaptic Depression in the Mammalian Brain, Mark F. Bear and David J. Linden; Synaptic Plasticity and Memory, Paul D. Grimwood, Stephen J. Martin, and Richard G. M. Morris; Synapse Formation and Maturation, Ann Marie Craig and Jeff W. Lichtman Neurotrophins and Refinement of Visual Circuitry, Edward S. Lein and Carla J. Shatz; Novel Neurotransmitters and Their Neuropsychiatric Relevance, Solomon H. Snyder and Christopher D. Ferris; Synaptic Variability - New Insights from Reconstructions and Monte Carlo Simulations with MCell, Joel R. Stiles, Thomas M. Bartol, Miriam M. Salpeter, Edwin E. Salpeter, and Terrence J. Sejnowski.