Contents Section 1 Introduction Introduction Some Helpful Hints Neuroanatomy Overview of the Patient Evaluation The Neurologic Examination Overview and Form Neurologic Examination Techniques and Lesion Localization Evaluation of the Head Evaluation of the Gait Evaluation of the Neck, Thoracic Limbs, Back, Pelvic Limbs, Tail, and Anus Postural Reactions Spinal Cord Reflexes Miscellaneous Pain Perception Lesion Localization Section 2 Dementia, Stupor, and Coma Definitions Lesion Localization Differentiation of Lesions Causing Stupor or Coma Differential Diagnosis Common and Occasional Disorders Rare Causes of Stupor and Coma Diagnostic Evaluation Important Historical Questions Physical Examination Neurologic Examination Applicable Diagnostic Tests Common and Occasional Disorders Head Trauma Intoxication Hypoglycemia Hepatic Encephalopathy Meningoencephalitis Hydrocephalus Neoplasia Cerebrovascular Disorders Hypoxia and Anoxia Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome Rare Causes of Stupor and Coma Diabetes Mellitus Hypothyroidism Hyponatremia Hypernatremia Uremic Encephalopathy Thiamine Deficiency Lysosomal Storage Disorders Epidermoid, Dermoid, and Arachnoid Cysts Lissencephaly Section 3 Seizures Definitions Lesion Localization Differential Diagnosis by Age Group Younger Than 1 Year of Age 1 to 5 Years of Age Older Than 5 Years of Age Diagnostic Evaluation Important Historical Questions Physical and Neurologic Examinations Applicable Diagnostic Tests Seizure Disorders Probable Symptomatic Epilepsy Idiopathic Epilepsy Status Epilepticus Therapy Maintenance Anticonvulsant Therapy Phenobarbital Potassium Bromide Monitoring Therap