Many real and potential hazards will face astronauts* during operations in space. Some of these hazards might be of little medical significance; others might produce serious medical problems. This book is an initial attempt to describe the characteristics and suggest the management of possible medical problems which might arise from hazards of space operations. Attention is not given here to the so-called 'naturally occurring' diseases. Writing is oriented to future interplanetary missions during which, due primarily to the time required to return to earth, the diagnosis and definitive or interim treatment of medical problems will have to be carried out in space. It is therefore assumed that suitable diagnostic and treatment facilities and medically trained personnel will be available on advanced spacecraft, in which large, multidisciplined crews will be living in a comfortable, 'shirt-sleeves' environment. To lay the groundwork of Space Clinical Medicine, a field in which very little has been written and essentially no experience gained to date, it was found necessary to consider clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of possible medical problems in space. Wherever necessary, various hazards of space operations are defined and analysed in order to determine their possible medical effects. The patho physiologic characteristics of medical problems are discussed, frequently in detail, to provide the rationale for their prevention and treatment.
Auflage
Sprache
Verlagsort
Verlagsgruppe
Zielgruppe
Für höhere Schule und Studium
Für Beruf und Forschung
Research
Illustrationen
Maße
Höhe: 235 mm
Breite: 157 mm
Dicke: 21 mm
Gewicht
ISBN-13
978-90-277-0110-7 (9789027701107)
DOI
10.1007/978-94-010-3464-7
Schweitzer Klassifikation
1. Acute Hypoxia.- A. Clinical Events in Acute Hypoxia.- B. Resuscitation.- C. The 'Oxygen Paradox'.- D. Posthypoxic Cerebral Edema.- E. Delayed Posthypoxic Encephalopathy.- 2. Ebullism Syndrome.- A. Pathophysiology.- B. Clinical Manifestations.- C. Diagnosis.- D. Treatment.- 3. 'Explosive' Decompression Injuries.- A. Internally Inflicted Injuries.- B. Externally Inflicted Injuries.- 4. Decompression Sickness.- A. Pathophysiology.- B. Clinical Manifestations.- C. Diagnosis.- D. Prevention.- E. Treatment.- 5. Aerotitis Media and Aerosinusitis.- A. Aerotitis Media.- B. Aerosinusitis.- 6. Heat Disorders, Including Dehydration.- A. Classification.- B. Clinical Manifestations.- C. Diagnosis.- D. Prevention.- E. Treatment.- 7. Cold Injury and Hypothermia.- A. Cold Injury.- B. Hypothermia.- 8. Medical Problems due to Particle and Droplet Contamination of the Spacecraft-Cabin Atmosphere.- A. Introduction.- B. Eye Problems.- C. Respiratory Tract Problems.- 9. Urinary Calculus.- A. Weightlessness and Bone Metabolism.- B. Urinary Calculus Formation.- C. Clinical Manifestations.- D. Diagnosis.- E. Prevention.- F. Treatment.- 10. Medical Implications of Cardiovascular Adaptations to Weightlessness.- A. Cardiovascular Adaptations.- B. Medical Implications.- C. Protective Measures.- 11. Acute Radiation Effects.- A. Space Radiation Hazards.- B. Acute Ionizing Radiation Effects.- C. Diagnosis.- D. Prevention.- E. Treatment.- 12. Injuries from Meteoroid Penetration.- A. Meteoroid Hazard.- B. Injuries from Meteoroid Penetration of a Spacecraft-Cabin Wall.- C. Meteoroid Penetration of the Space Suit.- 13. Burns.- A. Thermal Burns.- B. Electrical Burns.- C. Chemical Burns.- 14. Injuries from Mechanical Forces.- A. Causes.- B. Prevention.- C. Diagnosis.- D. Treatment.- 15. CarbonDioxide (CO2) Toxicity.- A. Acute CO2 Toxicity.- B. Chronic CO2 Toxicity.- 16. General Aspects of Medical Management.- A. Diagnostic Techniques and Therapeutic Measures.- B. Medical Competence.
