Preface 1 Early Number Systems and Symbols 2 Mathematics in Early Civilizations 3 The Beginnings of Greek Mathematics 4 The Alexandrian School: Euclid 5 The Twilight of Greek Mathematics: Diophantus 6 The First Awakening: Fibonacci 7 The Renaissance of Mathematics: Cardan and Tartaglia 8 The Mechanical World: Descartes and Newton 8.1 The Dawn of Modern Mathematics 9 The Development of Probability Theory: Pascal, Bernoulli, and Laplace 10 The Revival of Number Theory: Fermat, Euler, and Gauss 11 Nineteenth-Century Contributions: Bolyai and Lobachevsky 12 Transition to the Twenthieth Century: Canto and Kronecker 13 Extensions and Generalizations: Hardy, Hausdorff, and Noether General Bibliography Additional Reading The Greek Alphabet Solutions to Selected Problems Index
