Introduction: Knowledge as an Epistemic Structure, as a Vital Resource of Society and as an Object of Theoretical Studies; Knowledge Characteristics and Typology; Knowledge Evaluation and Justification; Knowledge Structure and Functioning: Microlevel or Quantum Theory of Knowledge; Knowledge Structure and Functioning: Macrolevel or Common Theory of Knowledge; Knowledge Structure and Functioning: Megalevel or Global Theory of Knowledge; Knowledge Acquisition, Representation and Application; Knowledge, Data and Information; Conclusion.